نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

2 گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکدۀ مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: اعتیاد به‌ ورزش پدیدۀ مهمی است که به‌تازگی در بین دختران و زنان ‌ایرانی شیوع پیدا کرده است. از همین ‌رو هدف تحقیق حاضر مطالعۀ کیفی اعتیاد به ‌ورزش در بین زنان ‌ایرانی با توجه ‌به جنبه‌های مدیریتی، زیستی و روانی بود.
روش پژوهش: روش‌ تحقیق نظریه‌پردازی داده‎‌بنیاد، رویکرد نظام‌مند بود. روش ‌نمونه‌گیری از نوع نمونه‌گیری‌ نظری بود. روش تحلیل ‌داده‌ها، «پرسش» و «مقایسه» مستمر بود. پس از انجام 159 مصاحبۀ نیمه‌ساختاریافته در طول یک سال و بررسی متون ‎تخصصی مختلف، اشباع ‌نظری حاصل شد.
یافته‌ها: یافته‌ها نشان ‎داد چهار مقولۀ اصلی در رابطه با اعتیاد به ‌ورزش زنانی ایرانی وجود دارد که عبارت‌اند از: 1. سوق‌دهنده‌های ‌اولیه، 2. انگیزه‌های‌ شخصی، 3. فعالیت ‌بدنی و 4. فواید فعالیت بدنی. یافته‌ها نشان ‌داد سه سطح از انگیزه‌های‌ شخصی وجود دارند. سوق‌دهنده‌های‌ اولیه محرک انگیزه‌های ‌اولیه هستند و انگیزه‌های شخصی زنی که به‌طور مستمر فعالیت بدنی دارد و فواید زیستی، روانی و اجتماعی را شخصاً تجربه می‎کند، به مرور زمان تعدیل و درونی‎تر می‌شود و در نهایت به سطح سوم می‌رسد.
نتیجه‌گیری: اگرچه برخی روان‌شناسان نسبت به اعتیاد به ورزش دیدگاهی منفی دارند، با توجه ‌به فواید زیستی، روانی و اجتماعی فعالیت ‌بدنی زنان‌ ایرانی، مدیران ورزشی باید اعتیاد به ‌ورزش را همچون «تعهدات مذهبی» مثبت بپندارند و به‌دنبال شیوع و توسعۀ آن در بین زنان‌ ایرانی باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Qualitative Study of Exercise Addiction among Iranian Women

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mostafa Teymourian 1
  • Rahim Khosromanesh 2

1 Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Management and Accounting, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction: Exercise addiction is an important phenomenon that has recently spread among Iranian girls and women. Therefore, the aim of this study was to qualitatively study exercise addiction among Iranian women with regard to managerial, biological and psychological aspects.
Methods: Research methodology was grounded theory, systematic approach. The sampling method was theoretical. The method of data analysis was continuous "questioning" and "comparison". After conducting 159 Semi-structured interviews during one year and reviewing literature; theoretical saturation was obtained.
Results: The findings showed that there are four main categories related to Iranian women's exercise addiction, which are: (1) primary drivers, (2) personal motivations, (3) physical activity & (4) benefits of physical activity. The findings indicate that there are three levels of personal motivation. Primary drivers are primary stimuli of personal motivations. The personal motivations of a woman who is constantly physically active and personally experiences the bio-psycho-social benefits become more internalized over time, and finally it reaches the third level.
Conclusion: Although some psychologists have a negative view on sports addiction, considering the biological, psychological and social benefits of physical activity for Iranian women, sports managers should consider sports addiction as a "religious commitment", and seek its prevalence and development among Iranian women.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Exercise Addiction
  • Positive Addiction
  • Euphoric Feelings
  • Refreshing Intrinsic Motivation
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