نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی و تندرستی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
2 گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت‌بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران
3 گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی و تندرستی ، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
چکیده
مقدمه: پژوهش حاضر با هدف شناسایی عوامل مؤثر در توسعه ورزش و فعالیت بدنی کودکان- یک مدل زمینه‌ای صورت گرفت و از روش پژوهش کیفی و استراتژی داده‌بنیاد برمبنای رویکرد استراوس و کوربین (روش نظام‌مند) انجام شد.
روش پژوهش: روش انجام پژوهش حاضر، کیفی بود که برای ساخت مدل مفهومی پژوهش از روش نظریۀ داده‌بنیاد استفاده شد و از طرح سیستماتیک استفاده گردید. جامعه آماری پژوهش کلیه صاحب‌نظران مطلع با حوزه توسعه ورزش و فعالیت‌های بدنی کودکان بودند که در دو گروه علمی و اجرایی قرار داشتند. نمونه‌گیری به‌صورت هدفمند انجام شد که با 16 مصاحبه، اشباع نظری صورت گرفت. در نهایت، اطلاعات به‌دست‌آمده از مصاحبه در نرم‌افزار مکس کیو دی ای (MAXQDA) نسخه 2020 مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت.
یافته‌ها: نتایج این پژوهش حاکی از شناسایی 3 مقوله اصلی در حوزه شرایط علی (عامل خانوادگی، عامل سلامتی و عامل روابط اجتماعی) و 5 مورد در شرایط زمینه‌ای (زمینه فردی و خانوادگی، زیرساختی و تجهیزاتی، حمایتی، اقتصادی و مدیریتی) 5 مورد در شرایط مداخله‌گر (نیروی انسانی، سازمانی، فعالیت‌های رسانه‌ای، کنترل و ارزشیابی و قانون‌گذاری) 7 راهبرد (اماکن و تجهیزات ورزشی، ارزیابی و کنترل، نیروی انسانی، فرهنگ‌سازی و اطلاع‌رسانی، تشویقی و انگیزشی، مالی و سازمانی) و 5 پیامد (جسمی و روحی، اجتماعی، تربیتی، آموزشی و توسعه ورزش قهرمانی) میباشد.
نتیجه‌گیری: به نظر می‌رسد با توجه به عوامل شناسایی‌شده در توسعه ورزش و فعالیت بدنی در دوران کودکی و تلاش برای ارتقای فرهنگ، ورزش می‌تواند برخی از معضلات را در حیطه ورزش کودکان حل نماید و جامعه را به سمت زندگی سالم سوق دهد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Identifying Effective Factors in the Development of Sports and Physical Activity in Children (A Contextual Approach)
نویسندگان [English]
- Asra Ershad 1
- Maryam Aziziani 2
- Ahmad Mahmoudi 3
1 Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
3 , Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
Introduction: The current research was conducted with the aim of identifying the effective factors in the development of children's sports and physical activity -a contextual model and was conducted using the qualitative research method and data-based strategy based on Strauss and Corbin's approach (systematic method).
Methods: The method of conducting the current research was qualitative, which was used to build the conceptual model of the research using the foundational data theory method and a systematic design. The statistical population of the research was all the experts who were knowledgeable in the field of children's sports development and physical activities, who were in two scientific and executive groups. Sampling was done in a targeted manner, and theoretical saturation was achieved with 16 interviews. Finally, the information obtained from the interview was analyzed in MAXQDA software version 2020.
Results: The results of this research indicate the identification of 3 main categories in the field of causal conditions (family factor, health factor and social relations factor) and 5 cases in contextual conditions (individual and family, infrastructural and equipment, support, economic and managerial conditions). Intervenor (manpower, organization, media activities, control and evaluation and legislation) 7 strategies (sports facilities and equipment, evaluation and control, human power, culture and information, encouragement and motivation, financial and organization) and 5 consequences (physical and mental, social, educational, educational and development of championship sports).
Conclusion: It seems that considering the identified factors in the development of sports and children's activities in childhood and trying to promote sports culture, it can solve some problems in the field of children's sports and lead the society to a healthy life.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Background
- Children's health
- Children's social relations
- Development of sports
- Individual and family
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