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مدل توسعۀ ورزش ایران با تأکید بر ذی‌نفعان، رویه‌ها و فرایندها

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکدة تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تبریز و تهران، تبریز و تهران، ایران

2 دانش‌آموختة دکتری، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکدة تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

هدف تحقیق حاضر طراحی مدل توسعۀ ورزش ایران با تأکید بر ذی‌نفعان، رویه‌ها و فرایندها در ایران بود. در این پژوهش از روش تحقیق کیفی و مبتنی بر تئوری داده‌بنیاد استفاده شد. برای گردآوری اطلاعات از نمونه‌گیری گلوله‌‌برفی و مصاحبه­های نیمه‌ساختاریافته با 15 نفر از نخبگان آگاه به موضوع استفاده شد. داده‌های به‌دست‌آمده، به روش کدگذاری نظریة مبنایی با رویکرد ساخت‌گرا که چارمز (2006) معرفی کرده است، تجزیه‌وتحلیل شد. به این ترتیب کدگذاری در دو مرحلة کدگذاری اولیه و متمرکز انجام گرفت. سپس از کدگذاری نظری برای فرم بخشیدن به کدهای متمرکز استفاده شد. بازرسی ادواری اطلاعات و کدهای به‌دست‌آمده به‌منظور اطمینان از صحت آنها توسط محقق انجام گرفت. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان می‌دهد با توجه به رویکرد سیستمی، مدل توسعۀ ورزش ایران دارای پنج بخش ورودی شامل ذی‌نفعان (کلان، میانی و خرد) و رویه‌ها‌ (توسعۀ سامانة انسانی، توسعۀ مدیریت، توسعۀ نظام مالی، توسعۀ تجهیزات و تسهیلات، توسعۀ فرهنگی، توسعۀ نهادی، ترویج، توسعۀ سیستم رقابت.)، پردازش شامل سه فرایند جذب، نگهداری (نگهداری استعداد، نگهداری مشارکت ورزشی جامعه) و پرورش، خروجی شامل پیامدهای فرهنگی – اجتماعی، پیامدهای اقتصادی و پیامدهای سیاسی، نظام بازخور یا همان نظام کنترل و ارزشیابی و در نهایت محیط شامل بسترهای فرهنگی – اجتماعی، اقتصادی و سیاسی - حقوقی است. به‌نظر می‌رسد ‌برای توسعۀ مؤثر ورزش در کشور نیاز است ابتدا ذی‌نفعان کلان از جمله دولت و حاکمیت سیاست‌های صحیح و لازم را در این زمینه اتخاذ کنند و سازمان‌هایی که به‌طور مستقیم و غیرمستقیم در توسعۀ ورزش نقش دارند، این سیاست‌ها را در قالب رویه‌ها‌ و فرایند‌های مربوطه تعریف و عملیاتی کنند  تا به این ترتیب فرصت‌ها، ساختار و بسترهای لازم برای مشارکت‌ مصرف‌کنندگان ورزش را در قالب یک سیستم فراهم آورند.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Sport Development Model in Iran with an Emphasis on the Stakeholders, Practices and Processes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fariba Askarian 1
  • Maryam Raahbar 2

1 Associate Professor, Sport Management Department, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tabriz & Tehran, Tabriz &Tehran, Iran

2 PhD, Sport Management Department, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to develop the model of sport development in Iran with an emphasis on the stakeholders, practices and processes. In the present research, qualitative method based on the grounded theory was used. For data collection, snowball sampling method and semi-structured interviews with 15 elites, who were aware of the subject, were used. The collected data were analyzed by coding the grounded theory with the constructivist approach by Charms (2006). Coding was conducted in two phases: initial coding and focused coding. Then, theoretical coding was used to form focused codes. The data and obtained codes were assessed periodically by the researcher to ascertain their accuracy. The Results showed that according to the systematic approach, the model of sport development in Iran had five parts: input which included stakeholders (macro, middle and micro) and practices (development of human system, management development, development of financial system, development of equipment and facilities, cultural development, institutional development, promotion, development of the competition system), process which included three processes of attraction, retention (retention of talent, retention of community sport participation) and nurturing, output which included sociocultural consequences, economic consequences and political consequences, feedback system (control and evaluation system), and ultimately, the environment which included sociocultural, economic and political-legal grounds. It seems that for effective development of sport in Iran, it is necessary for macro-stakeholders such as the government to adopt the right and necessary policies in this regard and for those organizations that directly and indirectly paly roles in developing sport to define and operate these policies in the form of related practices and processes so that the necessary opportunities, structure and contexts for the participation of sport consumers can be provided in the form of a system.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Grounded theory
  • practice
  • process
  • sport development
  • stakeholders
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نشریه مدیریت ورزشی
دوره 13، شماره 1
فروردین 1400
صفحه 315-339
فایل ها
سابقه مقاله
  • تاریخ دریافت: 11 آبان 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 17 اسفند 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 15 فروردین 1399
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