نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار، مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه هنر، تهران، ایران
2 استادیار، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
3 استاد، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران
4 دانشیار، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بررسی نقش رسانه‌های جمعی بر شکل‌دهی رفتارهای اجتماعی ورزشکاران حرفه‌ای ایران بود. پژوهش با توجه به نحوة گردآوری داده‌ها آمیخته از نوع اکتشافی متوالی بود. ابزار جمع‌آوری داده‌ها در مرحلۀ کیفی، مصاحبه‌های نیمه ساختاریافته با 23 نفر از ورزشکاران حرفه‌ای، مربیان، مدیران، روان‌شناسان و جامعه‌شناسان ورزشی و متخصصان رسانه‌های ورزشی بود. نمونۀ پژوهش با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و به شیوۀ گلوله‌برفی انتخاب شدند. در مرحلۀ کیفی داده‌ها، از طریق روش کدگذاری در سه مرحلۀ باز، محوری و انتخابی تجزیه‌وتحلیل و یافته‌ها شامل 81 نشان در کدگذاری باز، در کدگذاری محوری در قالب 11 مفهوم طبقه‌بندی شدند. در مرحلۀ کدگذاری انتخابی به مدلسازی مؤلفه‌های رسانه‌های جمعی که نقش مؤثری در شکل‌دهی رفتارهای اجتماعی ورزشکاران حرفه‌ای دارند، پرداخته شده است. در مرحلۀ کمی نمونۀ پژوهش شامل 220 نفر بود که به‌صورت تصادفی و طبقه‌بندی‌شده، انتخاب شدند. ابزار پژوهش در مرحلۀ کمی تحقیق، پرسشنامۀ محقق‌ساخته بود. از تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی و تأییدی با استفاده از نرم‌افزار20 Sass و AMOS به‌منظور ارزیابی مدل پژوهش استفاده شده است. نتایج آزمون مدل تحقیق نشان داد با توجه به شاخص‌های نیکویی برازش (GFI) 924/0 مدل تدوین‌شده در زمینۀ نقش رسانه‌های جمعی ورزشی، بر شکل‌دهی رفتارهای اجتماعی ورزشکاران حرفه‌ای ایران از برازش لازم برخوردار است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
An Investigation of the Role of Sport Mass Media on the Formation of Social Behaviors of Professional Athletes in Iran
نویسندگان [English]
- Mahboubeh Naghavi 1
- Seyed emad Hosseini 2
- Rahim Ramzani nezhad 3
- Sara Keshkar 4
1 Assistant Professor of Sport Management, University of Art, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Shahid Beheshti, Tehran, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Allameh Tabataba’i, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of mass media on social behaviors formation in Iranian professional athletes. The research used a mixed exploratory sequence for data collection. In the qualitative stage, semi-structured interviews with 23 professional athletes, coaches, managers, psychologists and sport sociologists and sport media specialists were used to collect data. The research sample was selected by purposive sampling method and snowball technique. In the qualitative stage, the data were analyzed through coding method in three stages: open, axial and selective, and the findings included 81 tokens in open coding which were classified in the form of 11 concepts in axial coding. In the selective coding stage, mass media components which played an effective role in forming the social behaviors of professional athletes were modeled. In the quantitative stage, the sample consisted of 220 subjects who were selected by stratified random sampling method. A researcher-made questionnaire was used in the quantitative stage. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses by the SPSS20 and AMOS were used to evaluate the research model. The results of the research model test showed that according to the goodness fitness index (GFI)=0.924, the model of the role of sport mass media in forming the social behaviors of professional athletes in Iran had a good fit.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Athletes
- behavior
- media
- modeling
- sport sociology
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