Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Associate Professor, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Sport Sciences Islamic Azad University Mobarakeh Branch, Isfahan, Iran

Abstract

A special type of transfer, withdrew from the event. The main objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between identity and social support network team to retire from professional football’s problems and provide a suitable model in this field. Population was professional players who hold more than five years from the date of their retirement.384 football players formed the final sample. Retiring from professional sports questionnaire Ceicic (2003) was used for data collection. Structural equation modeling results indicated that athletic identity with personal problems had significant positive correlation with the standard ratio is (0.21). But athletic identity with, social and professional problems showed no significant relationship. Structural equation modeling results indicated that social support network and no significant direct relationship with individual problems. However, the social network has a significant relationship with psychological, social and standard problems (0.25), as well as with professional problems with standard coefficient (0.21). In general, in order to reduce the personal, professional and psychosocial problems of footballers, two players of the social support network and sports identity should be considered.

Keywords

1.             Ajayi M. Perceived retirement phobia as a function of age, educational and marital status of professional soccer players. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics. 2007.1(1). 125-139.
2.             Alfermann D, Stambulova N, Zemaityte A. Reactions to sport career termination: a cross-national comparison of German, Lithuanian, and Russian athletes. Psychology of sport and exercise. 2004;5(1):61-75.
3.             Anderson DF, J. The athlete career education program. In the dawn of new millennium Proceedings of the 10th world congress of sport psychology. 2001;1(1):3-16.
4.             Brewer BW, Van Raalte JL, Linder DE. Athletic identity: Hercules' muscles or Achilles heel? International journal of sport psychology. 1993.
5.             Cecić-Erpič S, editor. SPORTS CAREER TRANSITION PHASE: AN ENTITY OR A SUM OF SUB-PHASES? New approaches to exercise and sport psychology-theories, methods and applications; 2003.
6.             Ford UW, Gordon S. Coping with sport injury: Resource loss and the role of social support. Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss. 1999;4(3):243-56.
7.             Haerle RK. Career patterns and career contingencies of professional baseball players: An occupational analysis. Sport and social order. 1975:461-519.
8.             Havitz ME, Dimanche F. Leisure involvement revisited: Conceptual conundrums and measurement advances. Journal of leisure research. 1997;29(3):245-78.
9.             Judge PB, Ph. Miller, M. Career Termination & Athletic Identity: Preparing Student-Athletes for the Life after Sport. Academic Athletic Journal. 2010;21(1):211-25.
10.          Kim YK, Trail G. Constraints and motivators: A new model to explain sport consumer behavior. Journal of Sport Management. 2010;24(2):190-210.
11.          Laker SR, Meron A, Greher MR, Wilson J. Retirement and activity restrictions following concussion. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics. 2016;27(2):487-501.
12.          Lally P. Identity and athletic retirement: A prospective study. Psychology of sport and exercise. 2007;8(1):85-99.
13.          Marthin.D.A. The psychological effects of retirement on elite athletes. A thesis, university of Ottawa. 2007;1(1):2-10.
14.          Moshkelgosha E, Tojari F, Ganjooee F, Mousav M. The relationship between athletic identity and problems of retirement from athletics in Iran. Archives of Applied Science Research. 2012;4(6):2350-5.
15.          Nakata C. Athlete difficulties in transition from sport The sport Psychologist. 2009;22(1):55-69.
16.          Oliveira-Brochado A, Brito PQ, Oliveira-Brochado F. Correlates of adults’ participation in sport and frequency of sport. Science & Sports. 2017;32(6):355-63.
17.          Park S, Tod D, Lavallee D. Exploring the retirement from sport decision-making process based on the transtheoretical model. Psychology of sport and exercise. 2012;13(4):444-53.
18.          Patsourakou E. Perceptions about career termination among Greek female elite athletes: © Ekaterini Patsourakou; 2010.
19.          Smith DR, Holtom BC, Mitchell TR. Enhancing precision in the prediction of voluntary turnover and retirement. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 2011;79(1):290-302.
20.          Stephan Y, Torregrosa M, Sanchez X. The body matters: Psychophysical impact of retiring from elite sport. Psychology of sport and exercise. 2007;8(1):73-83.
21.          Torregrosa M. Using a grounded theory approach for study of elite athlete’s retirement Department of Psychology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. 2011;1(1):81-93.
22.          Trail GT, Fink, J.S., Anderson, D.F. Sport spectra- tor consumption behavior. Sport Marketing Quarterly. 2003;2(1):8-17.
23.   Judge, P. Bell, Ph. Miller, M.(2010). "Career Termination & Athletic Identity: Preparing Student-Athletes for the Life after Sport". Academic Athletic Journal, 2010, 21(1).