University of Tehran Sport Management Journal 2008-9341 8 2 2016 05 21 The Effect of Stability and its Factors on Team Success in Iran Football Premier League Clubs The Effect of Stability and its Factors on Team Success in Iran Football Premier League Clubs 169 187 59148 10.22059/jsm.2016.59148 FA Hiwa Bahramfard 0000-0003-3276-4155 Mohammad Khabiri Masoud Ferydoni Solayman Sayedi Journal Article 2013 06 01 The aim of this study was to investigate the stability of various factors influencing Iran football premier league teams (manager, coach, players) and their role in their team success. The method was descriptive-correlation and the statistical population consisted of all team of Iran football premier league from the 1st to the 11th round. For data collection, which included names and numbers of all managers, coaches and players of different teams in the premier league in the mentioned rounds, interviews with the Football Federation, the League Organization and the clubs and also sport websites and newspapers were used. The type of collected data was parametric according to k-s test; the data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, ANOVA and paired t test. Findings showed a direct relationship between stability in the managers, coaches and players and achieving success (ranking). Also, coaches' variation did not provide suitable outcomes for the teams during the season. The aim of this study was to investigate the stability of various factors influencing Iran football premier league teams (manager, coach, players) and their role in their team success. The method was descriptive-correlation and the statistical population consisted of all team of Iran football premier league from the 1st to the 11th round. For data collection, which included names and numbers of all managers, coaches and players of different teams in the premier league in the mentioned rounds, interviews with the Football Federation, the League Organization and the clubs and also sport websites and newspapers were used. The type of collected data was parametric according to k-s test; the data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, ANOVA and paired t test. Findings showed a direct relationship between stability in the managers, coaches and players and achieving success (ranking). Also, coaches' variation did not provide suitable outcomes for the teams during the season.

https://jsm.ut.ac.ir/article_59148_5d8da391d1dd7e3f9bb4461df43dc8e1.pdf

University of Tehran Sport Management Journal 2008-9341 8 2 2016 05 21 Investigating the Obstacles to improving the Relationship between Football Clubs and Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB) Organization Investigating the Obstacles to improving the Relationship between Football Clubs and Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB) Organization 189 206 59149 10.22059/jsm.2016.59149 FA Shamsoodin Rezaei Mojtaba Amiri Hashem Kozechiyan Journal Article 2013 10 14 TV broadcasting right is one of the main sources of financial income for football clubs in the world. However, this right has not been legalized in Iran yet and has caused many serious problems for Iranian football clubs. The aim of this study was to investigate legal gaps and obstacles and to provide strategies to improve the relationships between football clubs and Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB) Organization. To this end, a qualitative research method was adopted, and deep interviews with 31 elites who were aware of this subject were conducted. The results of interview analysis revealed seven categories of main obstacles: legal-law, economic-political, managerial, structural, semantic, behavioral and environmental factors, 36 subcategories, 36 subcategories, 34 developmental guidelines and 9 legal gaps. It seems necessary to form a negotiation committee between government, parliament and IRIB Organization. TV broadcasting right is one of the main sources of financial income for football clubs in the world. However, this right has not been legalized in Iran yet and has caused many serious problems for Iranian football clubs. The aim of this study was to investigate legal gaps and obstacles and to provide strategies to improve the relationships between football clubs and Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB) Organization. To this end, a qualitative research method was adopted, and deep interviews with 31 elites who were aware of this subject were conducted. The results of interview analysis revealed seven categories of main obstacles: legal-law, economic-political, managerial, structural, semantic, behavioral and environmental factors, 36 subcategories, 36 subcategories, 34 developmental guidelines and 9 legal gaps. It seems necessary to form a negotiation committee between government, parliament and IRIB Organization.

https://jsm.ut.ac.ir/article_59149_2c9604d70c6594a4fb77efe0460cc2da.pdf

University of Tehran Sport Management Journal 2008-9341 8 2 2016 05 21 Modeling the Effect of Organizational Culture and Organizational Justice on Organizational Effectiveness in Sport Federations Modeling the Effect of Organizational Culture and Organizational Justice on Organizational Effectiveness in Sport Federations 207 222 59150 10.22059/jsm.2016.59150 FA Amir Ghanbarpoor university of kashan Ahmad Ali Asefi Hamid Safari Journal Article 2014 04 15 The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of organizational culture and organizational justice on organizational effectiveness in sport federations. For this purpose, Cameron and Quinn Organizational Culture (1999), Kim and Lung (2007) Organizational Justice, and Hsu (2002) Organizational Effectiveness questionnaires were used. Statistical population consisted of experts of sport federations and 227 subjects were selected as the sample. For data analysis and identification of the effects of research variables, Structural Equation Modeling was used with Smart PLS software. Findings showed that the effect of organizational culture (=β0.52, t=12.50) and organizational justice (=β0.42, t=9.72) on organizational effectiveness was positive and significant. The results showed that these two variables totally explained the 0.76% of variations of organizational effectiveness. According to the results of the study, it is suggested that sport federations should design an effective and desirable organizational culture model by analyzing the current situation and identifying the dominated level of organizational culture, and form the basis for the achievement of the organizational goals and having an effective organization by a focus on justice and equity in organizational procedures and processes such as wages, compensation, job promotion and a fair treatment with employees. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of organizational culture and organizational justice on organizational effectiveness in sport federations. For this purpose, Cameron and Quinn Organizational Culture (1999), Kim and Lung (2007) Organizational Justice, and Hsu (2002) Organizational Effectiveness questionnaires were used. Statistical population consisted of experts of sport federations and 227 subjects were selected as the sample. For data analysis and identification of the effects of research variables, Structural Equation Modeling was used with Smart PLS software. Findings showed that the effect of organizational culture (=β0.52, t=12.50) and organizational justice (=β0.42, t=9.72) on organizational effectiveness was positive and significant. The results showed that these two variables totally explained the 0.76% of variations of organizational effectiveness. According to the results of the study, it is suggested that sport federations should design an effective and desirable organizational culture model by analyzing the current situation and identifying the dominated level of organizational culture, and form the basis for the achievement of the organizational goals and having an effective organization by a focus on justice and equity in organizational procedures and processes such as wages, compensation, job promotion and a fair treatment with employees.

https://jsm.ut.ac.ir/article_59150_7784b7a1f675fa717c95a88c16a9f260.pdf

University of Tehran Sport Management Journal 2008-9341 8 2 2016 05 21 The Effect of Win Orientation on Sport Commitment in Women's Football Premier League of Iran The Effect of Win Orientation on Sport Commitment in Women's Football Premier League of Iran 223 234 59151 10.22059/jsm.2016.59151 FA Meysam Abyary Ahmad Sajadi Esmaeil Sharifian Journal Article 2014 03 15 The aim of this study was to determine the effect of win orientation (willingness to win) on sport commitment dimensions in women's football premier league of Iran. Research method was correlation and application in terms of aim. The population consisted of football players of 11 premier league teams in Iran (N=200) who participated in the 2nd Women's Premier League and had at least 6 months of membership in the mentioned teams. The sample was equal to the population. To collect data, Deeter (1988) Questionnaire (6 items, α=0.90) was used to examine win orientation and Scanlon (1993) Sport Commitment Questionnaire (14 items, α=0.86) was applied to examine the reasons why athletes persist to participate in specific sports. For data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics (simple regression and Structural Equation Model) with Amos18 software were used. Results showed that win orientation had an effect on players' sport commitment and regression model predicted almost 34% of the variance of criterion variable. In fact, an increase in win orientation in these football players improves their sport commitment. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of win orientation (willingness to win) on sport commitment dimensions in women's football premier league of Iran. Research method was correlation and application in terms of aim. The population consisted of football players of 11 premier league teams in Iran (N=200) who participated in the 2nd Women's Premier League and had at least 6 months of membership in the mentioned teams. The sample was equal to the population. To collect data, Deeter (1988) Questionnaire (6 items, α=0.90) was used to examine win orientation and Scanlon (1993) Sport Commitment Questionnaire (14 items, α=0.86) was applied to examine the reasons why athletes persist to participate in specific sports. For data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics (simple regression and Structural Equation Model) with Amos18 software were used. Results showed that win orientation had an effect on players' sport commitment and regression model predicted almost 34% of the variance of criterion variable. In fact, an increase in win orientation in these football players improves their sport commitment.

https://jsm.ut.ac.ir/article_59151_476153ce289a162803fffbdca2decee8.pdf

University of Tehran Sport Management Journal 2008-9341 8 2 2016 05 21 Designing National Pride Model with an Emphasis on Sport Designing National Pride Model with an Emphasis on Sport 235 249 59152 10.22059/jsm.2016.59152 FA Masomeh Fadaeii Hosein Eydi Homayoun Abbasi Journal Article 2014 10 08 The aim of this study was to design national pride model and its dimensions with an emphasis on sport. Statistical population consisted of all professors and PhD students of physical education and other disciplines in state universities. Cluster sampling method was used based on geographical distribution. Sample was determined as at least 2 and maximum 10 times more than items of the questionnaire based on exploratory factor analysis and 325 questionnaires were collected. Using a researcher-made questionnaire with a review of literature, a semi-structured interview with professors of sport management and social sciences was conducted in an exploratory process. Using Lisrel software and confirmatory factor analysis, seven factors (cultural and literature pride, history and civilization pride, military pride, political pride, science pride, economic pride and sports pride) were detected. Also all indexes of the model had good fit. It is suggested that researchers should test and develop this model in different sport and non-sport fields. The aim of this study was to design national pride model and its dimensions with an emphasis on sport. Statistical population consisted of all professors and PhD students of physical education and other disciplines in state universities. Cluster sampling method was used based on geographical distribution. Sample was determined as at least 2 and maximum 10 times more than items of the questionnaire based on exploratory factor analysis and 325 questionnaires were collected. Using a researcher-made questionnaire with a review of literature, a semi-structured interview with professors of sport management and social sciences was conducted in an exploratory process. Using Lisrel software and confirmatory factor analysis, seven factors (cultural and literature pride, history and civilization pride, military pride, political pride, science pride, economic pride and sports pride) were detected. Also all indexes of the model had good fit. It is suggested that researchers should test and develop this model in different sport and non-sport fields.

https://jsm.ut.ac.ir/article_59152_d3966c2abf094872fe870628db787ad5.pdf

University of Tehran Sport Management Journal 2008-9341 8 2 2016 05 21 The Relationship between Sport Motivation and Athletic Burnout in Male Soccer Players Participating in the 12th Universiade The Relationship between Sport Motivation and Athletic Burnout in Male Soccer Players Participating in the 12th Universiade 251 264 59153 10.22059/jsm.2016.59153 FA Mohsen Vahdani Morteza Paimozd Najmeh Rezasoltani Journal Article 2014 12 09 The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between sport motivation and athletic burnout in male soccer players participating in the 12th universiade in Iran. The research method was descriptive/correlational method. 160 players who were members of soccer teams of universities completed these 2 questionnaires: 1- Sport Motivation Scale (SMS) by Pelletier et al. (1995) with 24 items and with 7-point Likert scale assessed 6 subscales of the variable, 2- Athletic Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ) by Radak & Smith (2001) with 15 items and 5-point Likert scale assessed 3 subscales of the variable. The data were analyzed by SPSS, Pearson correlation coefficient test and multiple regression analysis at significance level of α≤0.05. The results revealed a reverse and significant relationship between internal motivation and burnout (r= -0.15, P=0.04), integrated regulation and burnout (r= -0.16, P=0.04), identified regulation and burnout (r= -0.26, P=0.01) and introjected regulation and burnout (r= -0.28, P=0.01). There was a direct and significant relationship between amotivation and burnout (r=0.60, P=0.01). Also, the results showed that the components of athletic motivation explained almost 35% of the variance of athletic burnout variable. So, based on these results and according to self-determination theory, it can be explained that motivation and psychological well-being of persons will maximize by satisfying their psychological needs, and thus it is less likely to experience burnout. The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between sport motivation and athletic burnout in male soccer players participating in the 12th universiade in Iran. The research method was descriptive/correlational method. 160 players who were members of soccer teams of universities completed these 2 questionnaires: 1- Sport Motivation Scale (SMS) by Pelletier et al. (1995) with 24 items and with 7-point Likert scale assessed 6 subscales of the variable, 2- Athletic Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ) by Radak & Smith (2001) with 15 items and 5-point Likert scale assessed 3 subscales of the variable. The data were analyzed by SPSS, Pearson correlation coefficient test and multiple regression analysis at significance level of α≤0.05. The results revealed a reverse and significant relationship between internal motivation and burnout (r= -0.15, P=0.04), integrated regulation and burnout (r= -0.16, P=0.04), identified regulation and burnout (r= -0.26, P=0.01) and introjected regulation and burnout (r= -0.28, P=0.01). There was a direct and significant relationship between amotivation and burnout (r=0.60, P=0.01). Also, the results showed that the components of athletic motivation explained almost 35% of the variance of athletic burnout variable. So, based on these results and according to self-determination theory, it can be explained that motivation and psychological well-being of persons will maximize by satisfying their psychological needs, and thus it is less likely to experience burnout.

https://jsm.ut.ac.ir/article_59153_e442facbc509b38f4ba56c0b64345bb4.pdf

University of Tehran Sport Management Journal 2008-9341 8 2 2016 05 21 A Survey of Economic Position of Stadiums and Professional Sport Teams on Index of Income A Survey of Economic Position of Stadiums and Professional Sport Teams on Index of Income 265 279 59154 10.22059/jsm.2016.59154 FA Edris Qaderpour University of Esfahan Aram Sepehriwand M.A of Economic, Isfahan University Mohammad Soltan Hoseini Asuciate Professor of Isfahan University Journal Article 2014 12 06 The aim of this study was to examine the economic position of stadiums and professional sport teams on index of income of those people in related jobs. This study was application in terms of the goal and the method was description-library-analysis. Statistical population consisted of all employees in related jobs in 8 big cities in Iran that had a football team in premier league in 2010-2012. Statistical sample was equal to available statistical population and total collected data were 1037 cases. In order to collect data, the questionnaire of household expenditure-income plan of the Statistical Center of Iran was used. Also, the researchers visited federation, league organization, conducted library research and collected the number of stadiums, the number of played games, having/not having a team and stadium capacity. In data analysis, panel data was used to estimate the econometric model. To reach the optimum model, F test, Hausman test and Breusch-Pagan test were applied using Eviews. The obtained results showed that professional teams and stadiums in cities did not have any positive and significant effects on income. The results also showed that the public urban budgets should not be used to construct stadiums and/or teams should not attend the cities with the aim of creating economic benefits there. The aim of this study was to examine the economic position of stadiums and professional sport teams on index of income of those people in related jobs. This study was application in terms of the goal and the method was description-library-analysis. Statistical population consisted of all employees in related jobs in 8 big cities in Iran that had a football team in premier league in 2010-2012. Statistical sample was equal to available statistical population and total collected data were 1037 cases. In order to collect data, the questionnaire of household expenditure-income plan of the Statistical Center of Iran was used. Also, the researchers visited federation, league organization, conducted library research and collected the number of stadiums, the number of played games, having/not having a team and stadium capacity. In data analysis, panel data was used to estimate the econometric model. To reach the optimum model, F test, Hausman test and Breusch-Pagan test were applied using Eviews. The obtained results showed that professional teams and stadiums in cities did not have any positive and significant effects on income. The results also showed that the public urban budgets should not be used to construct stadiums and/or teams should not attend the cities with the aim of creating economic benefits there.

https://jsm.ut.ac.ir/article_59154_c576a7c3f80994d9ae8ab0167191da2e.pdf

University of Tehran Sport Management Journal 2008-9341 8 2 2016 05 21 The Effect of Organizational Structure on Job Involvement in Employees of Sport and Youth General Offices: The Mediating Role of Psychological Empowerment The Effect of Organizational Structure on Job Involvement in Employees of Sport and Youth General Offices: The Mediating Role of Psychological Empowerment 281 297 59155 10.22059/jsm.2016.59155 FA Mohammad Salari Mohammad Mazyari Journal Article 2015 01 07 The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of organizational structure on ‌job involvement of employees of Sport and Youth general offices through the mediating role of psychological empowerment. The population involved all employees of Sport and Youth general offices of Kerman (N=50) and Yazd (N=45) provinces. Given the small statistical population, whole employees were selected as the sample (N=n=95) and 76 questionnaires (Kerman 40 and Yazd 36) were returned. For data collection, Questionnaire of Organizational Structure of Sashkin and Morris (1984), Questionnaire of Psychological ‌Empowerment of Spreitzer (1995), and Questionnaire of Job Involvement of Kanungo (1982) were used. Structural Equation Modeling and PLS software were used to analyze the data. Results indicated that psychological empowerment significantly affected job involvement (β=0.49). Also, organic structure and mechanic structure both significantly affected psychological empowerment (β=0.30, β=0.34 respectively). Furthermore, indirect results showed that psychological empowerment acted as a mediator between organic structure and job involvement (β=0.15), as well as between mechanic structure and job involvement (β=0.17). Thus, psychological empowerment and organizational structure must be considered to increase job involvement of employees. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of organizational structure on ‌job involvement of employees of Sport and Youth general offices through the mediating role of psychological empowerment. The population involved all employees of Sport and Youth general offices of Kerman (N=50) and Yazd (N=45) provinces. Given the small statistical population, whole employees were selected as the sample (N=n=95) and 76 questionnaires (Kerman 40 and Yazd 36) were returned. For data collection, Questionnaire of Organizational Structure of Sashkin and Morris (1984), Questionnaire of Psychological ‌Empowerment of Spreitzer (1995), and Questionnaire of Job Involvement of Kanungo (1982) were used. Structural Equation Modeling and PLS software were used to analyze the data. Results indicated that psychological empowerment significantly affected job involvement (β=0.49). Also, organic structure and mechanic structure both significantly affected psychological empowerment (β=0.30, β=0.34 respectively). Furthermore, indirect results showed that psychological empowerment acted as a mediator between organic structure and job involvement (β=0.15), as well as between mechanic structure and job involvement (β=0.17). Thus, psychological empowerment and organizational structure must be considered to increase job involvement of employees.

https://jsm.ut.ac.ir/article_59155_cb11507a51c406e7b2c3e565dddf0b9d.pdf

University of Tehran Sport Management Journal 2008-9341 8 2 2016 05 21 A Study of the Relationship between Organizational Culture and Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Ministry of Sport and Youth A Study of the Relationship between Organizational Culture and Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Ministry of Sport and Youth 299 313 59156 10.22059/jsm.2016.59156 FA Saeed Yari Khiyavi university of tehran Ebrahim Alidoust Gahfarrokhi Department of Sport Management, University of Tehran, Iran 0000-0002-8909-7122 Majid Jalali Farahani Department of Sport Management, University of Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2014 11 26 The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between organizational culture and organizational citizenship behavior in Ministry of Sport and Youth. This descriptive study was conducted by correlation method as a field. The population consisted of all employees who were working in Ministry of Sport and Youth (N=300). Due to the limited number of population, census sampling method was used. 300 questionnaires were distributed, but 251 ones (83.66%) could be used. Demographic information questionnaire, Organizational Culture Questionnaire (Denison, 2000) (α=0.959) and Organizational Citizenship Behavior Scale (Organ et al., 1996) (α=0.714) were used. For data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics including Spearman correlation test, multivariate regression and path analysis were used; for model design, structural equation modeling was applied. Results showed a significant positive relationship (P≤0.01) between organizational culture and organizational citizenship behavior. The results of multivariate linear regression revealed that involvement culture (β=0.41) and adaptability culture (β=0.31) (among all dimensions of organizational culture) were the most important predictors of organizational citizenship behavior (P≤0.01). Therefore, the managers of Ministry of Sport and Youth can increase the incident of organizational citizenship behavior in the employees of this organization through providing suitable effects in organizational culture. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between organizational culture and organizational citizenship behavior in Ministry of Sport and Youth. This descriptive study was conducted by correlation method as a field. The population consisted of all employees who were working in Ministry of Sport and Youth (N=300). Due to the limited number of population, census sampling method was used. 300 questionnaires were distributed, but 251 ones (83.66%) could be used. Demographic information questionnaire, Organizational Culture Questionnaire (Denison, 2000) (α=0.959) and Organizational Citizenship Behavior Scale (Organ et al., 1996) (α=0.714) were used. For data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics including Spearman correlation test, multivariate regression and path analysis were used; for model design, structural equation modeling was applied. Results showed a significant positive relationship (P≤0.01) between organizational culture and organizational citizenship behavior. The results of multivariate linear regression revealed that involvement culture (β=0.41) and adaptability culture (β=0.31) (among all dimensions of organizational culture) were the most important predictors of organizational citizenship behavior (P≤0.01). Therefore, the managers of Ministry of Sport and Youth can increase the incident of organizational citizenship behavior in the employees of this organization through providing suitable effects in organizational culture.

https://jsm.ut.ac.ir/article_59156_a9fb33764a4db80dfbaf137bb74016d5.pdf