1398 11 1 0 0

0 ارایه مدلی از فرایند ایجاد هم هویتی هوادار-تیم در بین هواداران لیگ برتر فوتبال ایران Providing a model from the formation process of fan-team identification among football fans in Iran https://jsm.ut.ac.ir/article_72871.html 10.22059/jsm.2019.28060. 0 ایجاد هم‌هویتی هوادار-تیم می‌تواند زمینه ساز توسعه برند تیم‌های ورزشی و تقویت پایگاه هواداری و اقتصادی تیم‌های ورزشی باشد. هدف از تحقیق حاضر ارایه مدلی از فرایند ایجاد هم‌هویتی هوادار-تیم در بین هواداران لیگ برتر فوتبال ایران بوده است. روش تحقیق حاضر توصیفی و از نوع پیمایشی و کاربردی بوده و داده‌ها با استفاده از پرسش‌نامه‌های استاندارد شده تمایز هویت، تشابه هویت و پرستیژ هویتِ باتاچاریا و سن (2003)، پرسش‌نامه جذابیت هویتِ آهرن و همکاران (2005)، و پرسش‌نامه هم‌هویتی هوادار-تیمِ میل و آشفورث (1992) گردآوری شدند. جامعه آماری تحقیق حاضر شامل هواداران فوتبال در لیگ برتر ایران بوده که 344 نفر از آنها به عنوان نمونه آماری تحقیق به طور تصادفی انتخاب شدند. روایی پرسش‌نامه با استفاده از نظرات متخصصان مدیریت ورزشی و مدیریت بازرگانی تایید و پایایی پرسش‌نامه بر اساس الفای کرونباخ برای کل پرسش‌نامه این تحقیق 86/0 ارزیابی گردید. جهت سنجش روائی و برازش مدل از روش مدلیابی معادلات ساختاری استفاده گردید. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 18 و PLS استفاده شد. بر اساس نتایج این پژوهش از 4 مسیر علی موجود، تمامی مسیرها به استثنای مسیر تشابه هویت به جذابیت هویت در سطح معنی داری 05/0p< مورد تأیید قرار گرفتند. 1 Formation of fan-team identification can pay the way for development of sport team brands and reinforcing fan base and economic base of sport teams. The purpose of the current study was to provide a model from the formation process of fan-team identification among football fans in Iran. The research method was descriptive – survey and a practical one, and the data was collected by using a combination of Batacharia & Sen’s distinction identity, similarity identity, and prestige identity survey, Ahearn et al’s attractiveness identity, and Meal & Ashforth’s fan-team identification survey. The research population consisted football fans in Iran and based on a pilot study a sample of (n=344) was selected through random sampling. The validity of questionnaire was verified by using comments of experts in sport management and the reliability of the total questionnaire was found to be 0,86 according to Chronbach’s alpha. The conceptual framework of the current study was a hypothesized model involved identity distinction, identity similarity, identity prestige, identity attractiveness, and fan-team identification. To measure the validity and fitness of the model, Structural Equations Modeling (SEM) has been applied. PLS and SPSS18 were used for data analysis. The results showed that among the four casual relationships, all directions except to the direction of similarity identity to attractiveness identity were verified. 1 14 اکبر جابری Akbar Jaberi استادیار مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکدة تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران. ایران jaberi@uk.ac.ir نصرالله سجادی Nasrollah sajjadi استاد مدیریت ورزشی دانشگاه تهران ایران nsajjadi@ut.ac.ir جواد خزائی پول Javad Khazaei pool کارشناس ارشد مدیریت بازرگانی دانشگاه اصفهان ایران khazaei110@gmail.com پرستیژ هویت تشابه هویت تمایز هویت جذابیت هویت هم هویتی هواداران فوتبال Jaberi A, Soltan Hosseini M, Nederian M, khazaei pool      J. Providing a model for developing football teams’ brand loyalty of pro      league in IRAN by applying SEM. Journal of Sport Management, 2014;      6(3): 475-492.      [In Persian]##Wann DL, & Branscombe NR. Sports fans: Measuring degree of identification with their team. International Journal of Sport Psychology. 1993; 24: 1-17.##Mael F, Ashforth BE. Alumni and their alma mater: A partial test of the reformulated model of organizational identification. Journal of organizational Behavior. 1992 Mar;13(2):103-23.##Sutton WA, McDonald MA, Milne GR, Cimperman J. Creating and fostering fan identification in professional sports. Sport Marketing Quarterly. 1997 Mar;6:15-22.##Laverie DA, Arnett DB. Factors affecting fan attendance: The influence of identity salience and satisfaction. Journal of leisure Research. 2000 Jun 1;32(2):225-46.##Kwon HH, Armstrong KL. Factors influencing impulse buying of sport team licensed merchandise. Sport Marketing Quarterly. 2002 Sep 1;11(3).##Jaberi A, Soltanhoseini M, Naderian jahromi M, khazaei pool j. Comparing the motivations of fan-team identification among the fans of established sport teams and new sport teams (Case study of Sepahan and Gitipasanad fans). 12th International Sport Sciences Congress, Denizli / Turkey. 2012: 1317.##Fournier S. Consumers and their brands: Developing relationship theory in consumer research. Journal of consumer research. 1998 Mar 1;24(4):343-73.##Bhattacharya CB, Sen S. Consumer–company identification: A framework for understanding consumers’ relationships with companies. Journal of marketing. 2003 Apr;67(2):76-88.##Puddifoot JE. Psychological reaction to perceived erasure of community boundaries. The Journal of social psychology. 1997 Jun 1;137(3):343-55.##Stets JE, Burke PJ. Identity theory and social identity theory. Social psychology quarterly. 2000 Sep 1:224-37.##Fink JS, Trail GT, Anderson DF. An examination of team identification: which motives are most salient to its existence?. International Sports Journal. 2002 Jul 1;6(2):195.##Ashforth BE, Mael F. Social identity theory and the organization. Academy of management review. 1989 Jan 1;14(1):20-39.##Wann DL, Waddill PJ, Polk J, Weaver S. The team identification–social psychological health model: Sport fans gaining connections to others via sport team identification. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice. 2011 Mar;15(1):75.##Tajfel H, Turner JC, Austin WG, Worchel S. An integrative theory of intergroup conflict. Organizational identity: A reader. 1979:56-65.##Gwinner KP, Eaton J. Building brand image through event sponsorship: The role of image transfer. Journal of advertising. 1999 Dec 1;28(4):47-57.##Fisher RJ. Group-derived consumption: the role of similarity and attractiveness in identification with a favorite sports team. Advances in Consumer Research. 1998; 25(1): 283-8.##Carison BD, Donavan DT. Concerning the effect of athlete endorsements on brand and team-related intentions. Sport Marketing Quarterly. 2008 Sep 1;17(3).##Tajfel H, Turner JC. The social identity theory of intergroup behavior'In: Worchel. Psychology of Intergroup Relations, 2nd edn, Nelson-Hall, Chicago. 1985.##. Ahearne M, Bhattacharya CB, Gruen T. Antecedents and consequences of customer-company identification: Expanding the role of relationship marketing. Journal of applied psychology. 2005 May;90(3):574.##Brewer MB. The social self: On being the same and different at the same time. Personality and social psychology bulletin. 1991 Oct;17(5):475-82.##Cucka M. Establishing Your" Smart" Equity. Consulting to Management. 2005 Jun 1;16(2):21.##Osborne RL, Cowen SS. High-performance companies: the distinguishing profile. Management Decision. 2002 Apr 1;40(3):227-31.##Bergami M, Bagozzi RP. Self‐categorization, affective commitment and group self‐esteem as distinct aspects of social identity in the organization. British Journal of Social Psychology. 2000 Dec;39(4):555-77.##Arnett DB, German SD, Hunt SD. The identity salience model of relationship marketing success: The case of nonprofit marketing. Journal of marketing. 2003 Apr;67(2):89-105.##Pratt MG. Central questions in organizational identification. Identity in organizations. 1998 Jul 21:171-207.##Bhattacharya CB, Rao H, Glynn MA. Understanding the bond of identification: An investigation of its correlates among art museum members. Journal of marketing. 1995 Oct;59(4):46-57.##Dutton J, Dukerich J, Harquail CV. Organizational images and membership commitment. Administrative science quarterly. 1994;39(2):239-63.##Currás-Pérez R, Bigné-Alcañiz E, Alvarado-Herrera A. The role of self-definitional principles in consumer identification with a socially responsible company. Journal of business ethics. 2009 Nov 1;89(4):547.##Tajfel H, Turner JC, Austin WG, Worchel S. An integrative theory of intergroup conflict. Organizational identity: A reader. 1979:56-65.##Schwalbe ML, Mason-Schrock D. Identity work as group process. Advances in group processes. 1996;13(113):47.##

0 طراحی الگوی بازاریابی ارتباطی در لیگ برتر فوتبال ایران Design of Relationship Marketing Model for Premier Football league in Iran https://jsm.ut.ac.ir/article_72872.html 10.22059/jsm.2019.42316.1036 0 هدف از انجام پژوهش، طراحی الگوی بازاریابی ارتباطی در لیگ برتر فوتبال ایران بود. روش تحقیق از نوع توصیفی- همبستگی بود که به شکل میدانی صورت گرفته است. اطلاعات لازم از طریق مصاحبه با افراد متخصص در زمینه ارتباط با هواداران، مشاهده، بررسی ادبیات نظری و پرسشنامه گردآوری شد. جامعة آماری این تحقیق شامل هواداران فوتبال بالاتر از شانزده سال بودند. از بین 674 پرسشنامه گردآوری شده تعداد 527 نفر بنا به تعریف عملیاتی هوادار که میانگین حضورشان بالاتر از 8 بازی در یک فصل برای تیم مورد علاقه آنها بود به عنوان نمونه آماری انتخاب شدند. از مدل سازی معادلات ساختاری جهت طراحی مدل استفاده گردید. نتایج نشان داد که مدیریت ارتباط با هواداران بر روی ارتقای کیفیت ارتباط اثر معناداری دارد. همچنین برآیند شاخصهای برازش داده‌ها و ضرایب رگرسیونی نشان داد که تأثیر مؤلفه مدیریت ارتباط با هواداران بر روی ارزش عمر هوادار منوط به حضور متغیر کیفیت ارتباط با هواداران می‌باشد. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که پیامدهای بکارگیری بازاریابی ارتباطی در لیگ برتر فوتبال ایران شامل بهبود رفتارهای مصرفی از جانب هواداران مانند کمیت مصرف، تبلیغ شفاهی، پی‌گیری رسانه و حضور مجدد در بازیهای آینده تیم‌های فوتبال می‌باشد. 1 The purpose of this research was to design of Relationship Marketing Model in the Iranian premier Football league. The research method was descriptive and survey that the necessary data were gathered through interviews with relevant experts in the field with the fans, observation, review the relevant theoretical literature and researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population was consisted the upper of sixteen years of football fans in the Iranian premier football league. The number of 527 questionnaire were selected from gathered 674 questionnaires based on research fans definition that attendance average of them was above of 8 games in a season for their teams favorite. Structural equation models (SEM) and were used to analyze the data. Results indicate that fan relationship management effects positively and significantly on relationship quality in the Iranian premier football league clubs. Also, data fitting indices and significant regression coefficients showed that the impact of fan relationship management on the fan lifetime value depends on the relationship quality with fans in the Iranian premier football league clubs. Improving relationship quality eventually lead to increase fan lifetime value that has behavioral issues such as consumption quantity, word of mouth, media usage and re-attend by fans. 15 29 بهزاد ایزدی behzad izadi عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه کردستان ایران b.izadi1380@gmail.com محمد احسانی mohammad ehsani دانشگاه تربیت مدرس ایران ehsani@modares.ac.ir هاشم کوزه چیان hashem koozechian دانشگاه تربیت مدرس ایران kozechih@modares.ac.ir فرشاد تجاری farshad tojari دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران مرکز ایران farshad.tojari@gmail.com بازاریابی ارتباطی کیفیت ارتباط دوره عمر هوادار باشگاه ورزشی Nguyen TH, Sherif JS, Newby M. Strategies for successful CRM implementation. Information Management & Computer Security. 2007;15(2):102-15.##Ganesan S. Determinants of long-term orientation in buyer-seller relationships. Journal of marketing. 1994;58(2):1-19.##Blattberg RC, Deighton J. Manage marketing by the customer equity test. Harvard business review. 1996;74(4):136-&.##Tzokas N, Saren M. Competitive advantage, knowledge and relationship marketing: where, what and how? Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing. 2004;19(2):124-35.##Grönroos C. Service management and marketing: A customer relationship management approach. Wiley; 2 edition. 2000.##Howard DR. The changing fans cape for big-league sports: Implications for sport managers. Journal of sport Management. 1999;13(1):78-91.##Peppard J. Customer relationship management (CRM) in financial services. European Management Journal. 2000;18(3):312-27.##Rygielski C, Wang J-C, Yen DC. Data mining techniques for customer relationship management. Technology in society. 2002;24(4):483-502.##Zineldin M. Quality and customer relationship management (CRM) as competitive strategy in the Swedish banking industry. The TQM magazine. 2005;17(4):329-44.##Zineldin M. The royalty of loyalty: CRM, quality and retention. Journal of consumer marketing. 2006;23(7):430-7.##Gladden JM, Funk DC. Understanding brand loyalty in professional sport: Examining the link between brand associations and brand loyalty. International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship. 2001;3(1):54-81.##Palmatier RW, Jarvis CB, Bechkoff JR, Kardes FR. The role of customer gratitude in relationship marketing. Journal of marketing. 2009;73(5):1-18.##Crosby LA, Evans KR, Cowles D. Relationship quality in services selling: an interpersonal influence perspective. Journal of marketing. 1990;54(3):68-81.##Kim YK, Trail G. A conceptual framework for understanding relationships between sport consumers and sport organizations: A relationship quality approach. Journal of sport Management. 2011;25(1):57-69.##Campbell AJ. Creating customer knowledge competence: managing customer relationship management programs strategically. Industrial marketing management. 2003;32(5):375-83.##Kim YK. Relationship framework in sport management: How relationship quality affects sport consumption behaviors: University of Florida; 2008.##Adamson G, Jones W, Tapp A. From CRM to FRM: Applying CRM in the football industry. Journal of Database Marketing & Customer Strategy Management. 2006;13(2):156-72.##Sigala M. Integrating customer relationship management in hotel operations: managerial and operational implications. International Journal of Hospitality Management. 2005;24(3):391-413.##Morgan RM, Hunt S. Relationship-based competitive advantage: the role of relationship marketing in marketing strategy. Journal of Business Research. 1999;46(3):281-90.##Liu Y, Chen R, Chen H, Wan C. Customer relationship management in the travel web site. Journal of Sport and Recreation Research. 2007;2(2):1-25.##Bauer HH, Stokburger-Sauer NE, Exler S. Brand image and fan loyalty in professional team sport: A refined model and empirical assessment. Journal of sport Management. 2008;22(2):205-26.##Jackson D. Determining a customer’s lifetime value. Direct Marketing. 1989;51(11):60-2.##Aurier P, N’Goala G. The differing and mediating roles of trust and relationship commitment in service relationship maintenance and development. Journal of the Academy of marketing science. 2010;38(3):303-25.##Reichheld FF, Teal T. The loyalty effect, Harvard business school press. Boston, MA. 1996.##Wulf KD, Odekerken-Schroder G. Assessing the impact of a retailer's relationship efforts on consumer’s attitudes and behavior. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services. 2003;10(2):95-108.##Buhler A, Nufer G. Relationship marketing in sports: Routledge; 2012.##Palmatier RW, Dant RP, Grewal D, Evans KR. Factors influencing the effectiveness of relationship marketing: a meta-analysis. Journal of marketing. 2006;70(4):136-53.##McDonald MA. Service quality and customer lifetime value in professional sport franchises. 1996.##Chen T, Chen C. The inferential factors of customer satisfaction, trust and commitment: A case of bank’s customers. Commerce & Management Quarterly. 2004;5(3):349-75.##Liu Y-C. An analysis service quality, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty of commercial swim clubs in Taiwan. 2008.##Garbarino E, Johnson MS. The different roles of satisfaction, trust, and commitment in customer relationships. Journal of marketing. 1999;63(2):70-87.##Kim WG, Cha Y. Antecedents and consequences of relationship quality in hotel industry. International Journal of Hospitality Management. 2002;21(4):321-38.##Leu H, Hsieh I. Relationships among customer satisfaction, brand equity and customer lifetime value. Chung Yuan Journal. 2000;28(2):31-41.##Payne A, Christopher M, Peck H, Clark M. Relationship marketing for competitive advantage: winning and keeping customers: Butterworth-Heinemann; 1998.##Narayandas D, Rangan VK. Building and sustaining buyer–seller relationships in mature industrial markets. Journal of marketing. 2004;68(3):63-77.##Kim YK, Trail GT, Woo B, Zhang J. Sport’s consumer-team relationship quality: development and psychometric evaluation of a scale. International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship. 2011;12(3):57-74.##

0 مطالعه ساختار عاملی پرسشنامه توسعه فرهنگ ورزش همگانی از طریق تلویزیون A study of factor structure of the questionnaire on development of public sport via TV https://jsm.ut.ac.ir/article_72873.html 10.22059/jsm.2019.115127.1281 0 هدف از این پژوهش، مطالعه ساختار عاملی پرسشنامه توسعه فرهنگ ورزش همگانی از طریق تلویزیون بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش را کلیه صاحب نظران مدیریت ورزشی کشور دارای سابقه فعالیت اجرایی یا پژوهشی در حوزه ورزش همگانی، مدیران و معاونین ارشد ورزش کشور و کلیه صاحب نظران و متخصصینی که در حوزه رسانه ورزشی و نیز ورزش همگانی فعالیت می‌کنند (230=N) تشکیل دادند. از آزمون‌های آماری ضریب آلفای کرونباخ برای تعیین پایایی درونی، آزمون KMO برای تعیین کفایت نمونه گیری و از تحلیل عاملی تأییدی برای تعیین روایی سازه استفاده گردید. یافته‌ها نشان داد که مقادیر KMO و کرویت بارتلت معنادار بوده که کفایت نمونه را برای آزمون تحلیل عاملی تأیید کرد. یافته‌های پژوهشی نشان دهنده پایایی (94/0=α) برای پرسشنامه مذکور بود. در خصوص روایی سازه و بر اساس میزان روابط و T-value، به غیر از سؤال های 17 و 45، تمامی سؤالات رابطه معنی‌داری با عامل خود داشتند و توانستند پیشگوی خوبی برای عامل خود باشند. همچنین در خصوص روابط عامل‌ها با مفهوم "توسعه فرهنگ ورزش همگانی از طریق تلویزیون" نتایج نشان داد که تمامی عامل‌ها توانستند پیشگوی خوبی برای مفهوم فوق باشند. در نتیجه روایی درونی و بیرونی پرسشنامه مورد مطالعه مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. 1 The aim of this research was to study the factor structure of the questionnaire on development of sport for all via TV. The population consisted of all experts in the field of sport management with record of administration or research in public sport field, managers and senior assistants of state Sports, and all experts in sport media and public sport (N=230). To analyze the data, we used Cronbach’s alpha statistic tests for internal reliability; KMO test for measuring sampling adequacy; and confirmatory factor analysis for validity. The findings show that KMO figures and Bartlett figures were significant, validating the sample adequacy for confirmatory factor analysis. The results suggest reliability (a=0.94) for our questionnaire. As for the validity and based on relationship and T-value, except for the questions 17 and 45, all questions had a significant relationship with their factor and could favorably predict their own factor. Also, regarding the factors’ relationship with the concept “development of public sport via TV”, the results showed that all factors were able to favorably predict the above-mentioned concept. As a result, the internal and external validity of the model “development of public sport via TV” was confirmed. 31 44 محمود گودرزی - - دانشگاه تهران ایران m_goodarz@yahoo.com ایوب اسلامی - - دانشگاه تهران ایران a.eslami91@yahoo.com ابراهیم علیدوست قهفرخی - - دانشگاه تهران ایران پایایی پرسشنامه تلویزیون روایی ساختار عاملی ورزش همگانی Javadi Pour M, Sami Niya M. Sport for All in Iran and Codification of Perspective and Programs Strategy. Applied Research of Sport Management. 2013;1(4):21-30. [In Persian]##Kordi MR. Investigating the role of the press and media in Iranian sport. Tehran2007. [In Persian]##Organization IRoIPE. Strategic document of the comprehensive system for the development of physical education and sport of the country, approved by the Ministerial Council on 9/6/82. 2003. p. 73. [In Persian]##Zangi Abadi A, Tajik Z, Gholami Y. Spatial Analysis of Sport Furniture in Urban Parks and its Impact on Citizens' Satisfaction and Satisfaction (Case Study: Isfahan city). Quarterly Geography and Environmental Studies Department of Geography. 2009;1(2):15-34. [In Persian]##Roshandel Arbatani T. Explaining the Position of Mass Media in Institutionalizing Public sport in the Country. Motion Publication. 2007;33:165-77. [In Persian]##Zarifi M, Davoudi K. National Media and Development of Sport for All. Quarterly of Communication Research. 2012;19(1):119-34. [In Persian]##Alshamli A, Al Anazi HM, Shawqi MA. Sport mass media influence on promoting sports in order to improve public health. Current Research Journal of Social Sciences. 2012;4(2):153-8.##Sajjadi SN. An analysis of the role of mass media in the 20th century Olympic Games. Motion Publication. 1999;1(3):45. [In Persian]##Honeybourne J, Michedl H, Hellen M. Physical Education and Sport. Stanly Thones. 2000.##Khorrami Z. Identifying and Prioritizing the Components of Developing the Culture of Entrepreneurship through Television and its Deterrent Factors in the National Media of Iran: University of Tehran; 2011. [In Persian]##Ghafori F, Rahman Seresht R, Kozeh Chiyan H, Ehsani M. The study and attitude of physical education specialists to the role of mass media (radio, television and publications) in the tendency of people to co-operate and championship sports. Motion Publication. 2003;16:57-78. [In Persian]##Alhassan H, Kwakwa PA. Preference for television stations among inhabitants of Akropong Akuapem, Ghana. Online Journal of Communication and Media Technologies. 2013;3(1):195.##Ghasemi H. The role of the media in the privatization of sport. Proceedings of the International Conference on the Privatization of Football; Tarbiat Modares University2008. p. 45-50. [In Persian]##Ghasemi H, Mozaffari SAA, Amirtash AM. Sports Development via Television in Iran. Journal of Sport Sciences Research. 2007;17:131-48. [In Persian]##Mahdaviyan Mashhadi M. Comparison of the status and desirability of the role of mass media in women's sports. First National Conference on Sport Management; Shomal University2008. p. 102. [In Persian]##Aghajani N, Naderi Nejhad P. The Study of the role of Mass Media (Publications, Radio and Television) in the Promotion of Public Sport. Telecommunication Culture Quarterly. 2011;1(1):139-67. [In Persian]##Arab Narmi B. Designing and Compiling a TV Role Model in the Development of the Main Components of Sport in the Country: University of Tehran; 2014. [In Persian]##Miles A, Rapoport L, Wardle J, Afuape T, Duman M. Using the mass-media to target obesity: an analysis of the characteristics and reported behaviour change of participants in the BBC'sFighting Fat, Fighting Fit'campaign. Health Education Research. 2001;16(3):357-72.##Bauman AE, Bellew B, Owen N, Vita P. Impact of an Australian mass media campaign targeting physical activity in 1998. American journal of preventive medicine. 2001;21(1):41-7.##Horne J. Sport and the mass media in Japan. Sociology of Sport Journal. 2005;22(4):415-32.##Dhonde B, Patil V. Role of mass media in progress of physical education in sports. Indian Streams Research Journal. 2012;2(8):1-3.##Asgari B, Ghasemi H, Keshkar S. Study the contents of the 3 Sima Sports Programs. Quarterly of Communication Research. 2011;18(4):135-53. [In Persian]##Hooman HA. Structural Equation Modeling Using Lisrel Software: Samt Publication; 2009. [In Persian]##Ghasemi V. Modeling the Structural Equation in Social Research Using Amos Graphics. Publication of Sociologists. 2013;2:376. [In Persian]##Terry PC, Lane AM, Fogarty GJ. Construct validity of the Profile of Mood States—Adolescents for use with adults. Psychology of sport and exercise. 2003;4(2):125-39.##

0 بررسی کارآیی هیئت‌های ورزشی استان قم و ارتباط آن با منابع ورودی و خروجی‌ Study of Qom province sport boards efficiency and its relation to input and output sources https://jsm.ut.ac.ir/article_72874.html 10.22059/jsm.2019.132228.1474 0 هدف تحقیق حاضر بررسی کارآیی هیأت‌های ورزشی استان قم و ارتباط آن با منابع ورودی و خروجی‌ این هیأت‌ها بود. روش تحقیق از نوع همبستگی و گذشته‌نگر بود. جامعه آماری تحقیق شامل 41 هیأت‌ ورزشی استان قم بود که به علت کم بودن تعداد جامعه از نمونه‌گیری کل‌شمار استفاده گردید. در ضمن داده‌های مربوط به سال 1392 هیأت‌ها جمع‌آوری گردید. به‌منظور ارزیابی عملکرد هیأت‌ها از روش تحلیل پوششی داده‌ها (DEA) استفاده شد. جهت تعیین مناسب-ترین شاخص‌های ورودی و خروجی از فرم ارزیابی عملکرد هیأت‌های ورزشی و نظرات 10 تن از متخصصان مدیریت ورزشی استفاده شد. ورزشکاران، بودجه، مربیان و داوران به‌عنوان شاخص‌های ورودی و ورزش همگانی، ورزش قهرمانی، رویدادهای ورزشی و فعالیت‌های آموزشی به‌عنوان شاخص‌های خروجی معرفی شدند. به‌منظور بررسی کارآیی هیأت‌ها از دو روش CCR و BCC خروجی محور، آزمون کولموگروف-اسمیرنوف، آزمون ویلکاکسون و آزمون همبستگی اسپیرمن استفاده شد. همچنین از نرم‌افزارDEA Solver و SPSS.20 برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد، بین ورودی‌های هیأت‌های ورزشی با کارآیی CCR ارتباط منفی و معناداری وجود دارد و بین خروجی‌های هیأت‌ها با کارآیی CCR ارتباط معناداری وجود ندارد. همچنین نتایج نشان داد، بین خروجی‌ ورزش همگانی با کارآیی BCC ارتباط مثبت و معناداری مشاهده شد. 1 The purpose present research was study of Qom province sport boards efficiency and it s relation to input and output sources of these boards. The research was based of correlation and reminiscent method. Statistical population this research included 41 sports boards of Qom province. Due to low number of population, the total count sampling was used. In addition the data boards 2013 was collected. In order to evaluate boards performance, Data Envelopment Analysis method (D E A) was used. To determine the most appropriate input and output indexes , performance evaluation form sport boards and comments 10 sports management experts was used. Athletics, budget , trainers , referees introduced as input indexes and sport for all, sport championship , sport events and educational activities introduced as output indexes. In order study of boards efficiency C C P and B C C output axis, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test , Wilcoxon test and correlation test of spearman were used. D E A solver and SPSS.20 software also were used analyze data. Results showed between inputs sports boards with C C R efficiency there was negative and significant relationship and between outputs boards with C C R efficiency there was not a significant relationship. Also the results showed between out puts sport for all with B C C efficiency positive and significant relationship was observed. 45 58 ابوالفضل فراهانی Abolfazl Farahani استاد مدیریت ورزشی دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران- ایران ایران afarahani@pnu.ac.ir محمد علیمردانی Mohammad Alimardani دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت ورزشی دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران- ایران ایران malimardani63@yahoo.com حمداله الیاسی Hamdollah Elyasi دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت ورزشی دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران- ایران ایران h10elyasi@gmail.com تحلیل پوششی خروجی کارآیی ورودی هیأت ورزشی 1. Alavi, K. Adabi Firouzjah, J.  & Alimohammadi, H. (2015), “Measuring efficiency of provincial offices of Iran's Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports”. Advances in Applied Science Research. 6 (2): 65-73.##2. Lim, Doing  Jim. (2007). “A Comparative Study of Performance Measurement in Korean Local Governments Using Data Envelopment Analysis and Stochastic Frontier Analysis”. University of Texas at Arlington.45.##3. Sanchez, I. M. (2007). “Efficiency and effectiveness of Spanish football teams: a three- stage- DEA approach”. CEJOR. 15, 21-45.##4. Motameni, A (2002). Designing##a dynamic productivity model with Approach DEA. Treatise Ph.D in management. Tarbiat Modares  University. [In Persian]##5. Wilson, C. L. (2006). “Evaluation and Comparison of Management Strategies by Data Envelopment Analysis with an Application to Mutual Funds”, University of Texas at Austin. 23.##6. Dadgar, Y (2001). Public economy. Tehran: Mofid Publishing. P 57. [In Persian]##7. Adabi Firouzjah, J. (2012). Determining the Efficiency of Iran’s Youth & Sports State Departments by Using Data Envelopment Analysis. Treatise Ph.D,  Management and planning in  physical education. Tehran: Kharazmi University. [In Persian]##8. Daneshvar, M. (2006). Designing and explaining the performance evaluation model of Dana Insurance Branches using data envelopment analysis technique. Master's Thesis. Tarbiat Modares University. [In Persian]##9. Adabi Firouzjah J. Mozafari S. A. A.. Hadavi F. (2013). Measuring the efficiency of provincial administrations of the ministry of sport and youth by using data envelopment analysis. Research in Sport Management & Motor Behavior. No 11. 61-78. [In Persian]##10. Banker, R. D., Charnes, A., & Cooper, W. W. (1984). “Some models for estimating technical and scale inefficiencies in data envelopment analysis”. Management Science. 30(9), 1078-1092 .##11. Guzman, I. (2006). “Measuring Efficiency and Sustainable Growth in Spanish Football Teams”. European Sport Management Quarterly. Vol.6, No.3, 267-287.##12. Hwang, S., Kao, T. (2006).  “Measuring Managerial Efficiency in Non-Life Insurance Companies: An Application of Two-Stage Data Envelopment Analysis”. International Journal of Management. Vol.23, No.3, 699-720##13. Mohammad Gaafar, H; Safania, A.M; Hosseini, E; Mohamamd Alipour, Gh. (2015). Evaluation of the performance of sports teams at the Federation of Sports Associations using Data Envelopment Analysis. 4th National Conference Student Sports Science. University of Shahid Beheshti. [In Persian]##14. Soleimani-damaneh, J.; Hamidi, M,; Sajjadi, N. (2014). Performance Evaluating of Iranian Football Primer League by Mrging DEA with AHP. Sport Management Studies. No 22. 105-126. [In Persian]##15. Khodayari, A. Amirtash, A.M. Mozaffari, A.A (2009). Application of data envelopment analysis method for determining the efficiency and ranking of faculties and educational groups of physical education and sports science. Sport Management. No 2. 117-132 . [In Persian]##16. Rezania, k.; Mokhatab Rafiei, F.; Shirouyehzad, H. (2013). “Performance Evaluation of sport association board of Isfahan Province through DEA and a championship approach”. International Journal of Data Envelopment Analysis. Vol 1, No 4, pp: 227-246.##17. Soleimani- Damaneh, J., Hamidi, M., Sajadi, N. (2011). “Evaluating the Performance of Iranian Football Teams Utilizing Linear Programming”. American Journal of Operations Research.1:65-72.##18. Halkos, G., Tzeremes, N. (2011). “A non-parametric analysis of the efficiency of the top European football clubs”. Munich Personal RePEc Archive (MPRA): 1-20.##19. Escuer, M., Isabel, Cebrian, L. (2010). “Measurement of Efficiency of Football Teams in the Champions League”. Managerial and Decision Economics. 31, 373-386.##20. Mathieu, J. (2009). “Efficiency of French football clubs and its dynamics”. Munich Personal RePEe Archive (MPRA). 19828, 1-18.##

0 تبیین دیپلماسی ورزشی با استفاده از الگوی پارادایمی: مطالعه ای کیفی Explaining of sports diplomacy by using the paradigm: a qualitative study https://jsm.ut.ac.ir/article_72875.html 10.22059/jsm.2019.138106.1532 0 دیپلماسی ورزش پدیده جدیدی است که به دنبال افزایش تعامل برای بازکردن افق‌ها و دیدگاه‌های جدید و کمک به درک فرهنگ بین مردم جهان است. در این پژوهش که از نوع مطالعات کیفی و با رویکرد گرندد تئوری انجام شده است به تبیین جوانب مختلف پدیده دیپلماسی ورزشی پرداخته شد. جامعه پژوهش شامل صاحب‌نظران و مدیران این حوزه در تئوری و عمل بود که در بین آن‌ها نمونه پژوهش به شکل هدفمند و غیرتصادفی و در برخی موارد گلوله برفی انتخاب شدند. پس از مطالعه مبانی نظری، 18 مصاحبه عمیق، همزمان تحلیل و کدگذاری شدند. نتایج کدگذاری باز، محوری و انتخابی حاکی از شناسایی 165کد باز ،14مقوله و 60 مفهوم بود. مقوله‌ها بر اساس الگوی پارادایمی استراس و کوربین در محور‌های شرایط علی، شرایط زمینه‌ای، شرایط مداخله‌گر، راهبرد‌های کنش و واکنش و پیامد‌ها قرار گرفتند. نتایج پژوهش حاکی از آن است که برنامه‌محوری و شناخت دیپلماسی ورزشی پیامد‌های عمده ای در توسعه جامعه شناسی سیاسی، سیاست خارجی و توسعه ورزش‌ کشور‌ها در ابعاد مختلف در بر خواهد داشت. 1 Sports diplomacy is a new phenomenon that seeks to increase dialogue to open new perspectives and help to understand the culture of the people of the world. Today, sports have become widespread throughout the world, and new international documents have also paid some attention to sport. The internationalization of many of the world's forests has brought countries into the international sporting field to advance national interests and realize their political and international goals.This study seeks to explain the sports diplomacy. The research was conducted using qualitative studies using Grounded Theory was to collect data and define the model. The study population consisted of experts and managers in the field of theory and practice that samples were selected non-randomized. After studying literature and conducted 18 in-depth interviews, analysis interviews were coded at the same time. After studying literature, 18 in-depth interviews, analysis, and were coded at the same time. Results of open coding, axial and selective provide 165 open-source, the 14 categories and 60 concepts. categories that was divided in causal conditions, grounded conditions, intervening conditions, action/ interaction strategies and consequences. The results suggest that programmatically and knowledge of sports diplomacy major implications in the development of political sociology, foreign policy and the development of sports in the country will have different dimensions.Therefore, long-term planning in this field can provide a better future for sport, politics, international relations, peace and development of countries. 59 75 محمد حسن پیمان فر mohamad hasan peymanfar استادیار گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران ایران mhpeymanfar@gmail.com علیرضا الهی alireza elahi دانشیار گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران ایران alirezaelahi@yahoo.com سید محمد کاظم سجاد پور seyed mohamad kazem sajjadpour استاد علوم سیاسی، دانشکده روابط بین الملل وزارت امور خارجه، تهران، ایران ایران sajjadpour@sir.ac.ir مهرزاد حمیدی mehrzad hamidi دانشیار گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران ایران meh_hamidi@yahoo.com سیاست خارجی دیپلماسی عمومی دیپلماسی ورزشی توسعه ورزش نظریه داده بنیاد 1. Allison, L.)1993( ."The Changing Politics of Sport". Manchester: Manchester University Press, P ix- 232.##2. Aman, M.S. (2005). "Leisure policy in New Zealand and Malaysia: a comparative study of developments in sport and physical recreation." Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis. Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand. https://researcharchive.lincoln.ac.nz/handle/10182/1768?show=full##3. Anastasovski, I,.Stojanoska,T,. Qazimi,A.(2013). "Sport as substitute for diplomatic activites", PESH, 2( 1),p79-82.##4. Andreff, W. (2000), "Sport and economic development" ,Play the Game,p12-16.##5. Bainvel S. (2005). "Sport and Politics: A study of the relationship between International Politics and Football".  Linkopings University,p1-84.##6. Bazargan, Abbas (2010). "An Introduction to Qualitative and Mixed Methods: Common Approaches to Behavioral Sciences". Tehran, Publication of Didar, Second Edition, p. 93.(In Persian)##7. Bergsgard, N. A., Houlihan, B., Mangset, P., N_dland, S. I., Rommetvedt,H. (2007). "Sport Policy: A comparative analysis of stability and change". Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann. https://www.elsevier.com/books/sport-policy/asle-bergsgard/978-0-7506-8364-7##8. Bravo,G ,.Silva,J. (2014)." Sport policy in Chile, International Journalof Sport Policy and Politics", 6(1),p 129-142.##9. Deos, A. (2014). "Sport and relational public diplomacy: thecase of New Zealand and Rugby World Cup 2011", Sport in Society, 17(9),p 1170-1186.##10. Eltiami nia, Reza., Mohammadi Azizabadi, Mehdi (2015). "The Subordinate and Accelerating Role of Sport in Providing Peace Between Governments", Quarterly Journal of International Policy Studies, 22, pp. 149-179.(In Persian)##11. European Commission (1999)."Doping in Sport: Sports Economics and Statistics". https://isis.vse.cz/auth/lide/clovek.pl?id=1079##12. Fazeli, Habibollah (2012). "Sports and identity politics". Political science journal, 7 (2), pp. 174-151.(In Persian)##13. Freeth B. (2003). "Sport and politics and injustice. In Justice for Agriculture New York", (JAG) Open Letter Forum, 20. http://archive.kubatana.net/html/archive/opin/030126bf.asp?sector=ARTCUL.##14. Giulianotti, R, Robertson. ,R.(2009). "Globalization and sport", Blackwell Publishing, ISBN: 978-1-4051-6269-2. http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/about/sport.jsp##15. Goldberg, J.(2000). "Sporting Diplomacy: Boosting the Size of the Diplomatic Corps". the Washington quarterly, 23(4), p 63–70.##16. Hadian, N., Ahadi, M. (2009). “Conceptual Position of Public Diplomacy”, Foreign Relations Journal, 1 (3), pp. 85-119.##17. Hill, C. R. (1996). “Olympic Politics: Athens to Atlanta 1896 –1996”, 2nd ed, Manchester: Manchester University Press,pp1-304.##18. Houlihan, B,.Zheng, J. (2014). "Small states: sport and politics at the margin", International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics.p1-17.##19. Houlihan, B., Bloyce, D., Smith, A. (2009). "Developing the research agenda insport policy". International Journal of Sport Policy, 1(1), p1–12.##20. Hoye, R,. Nicholson, M,.Houlihan, B.(2009)." Sport and Policy:Issues andAnalysis", Published by Elsevier Ltd, All rights reserved. http://www.tandfebooks.com/isbn/9780080942605##21. Kessler, D.(2009)."The Citizens’ Affair: Sports and Tourism inPost-1998 United States-Iran Relations",Stanford Journal of International Relations,  XI(1), p38-49.##22. Khani, Mohammad Hassan (2005). "Cultural Diplomacy and Its Position in Foreign Policy of Countries", Journal of Political Science, 2, pp. 135-148.(In Persian)##23. Li, Y.W.(2013): "Public Diplomacy Strategies of the 2008 Beijing Olympics and the 2012 London Olympics: A Comparative Study", The International Journal of the History of Sport,p1-13.##24. Lormmo, Roger,. Toder, Adrian (2012). "Sports and International Relations", translated by: Seyyed Nasrollah Sajjadi, Tehran: Haftami Publications, p. 6.(In Persian)##25. Malakutian, Mostafa (2009). "Sport and Politics, Political Quarterly", Faculty of Law, Science and Political Sciences, 39 (2), p. 316-301.(In Persian)##26. Merkel U. (2008). "The Politics of Sport Diplomacy andReunification in Divided Korea". International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 43,p289.##27. Murray, Stuart. (2012). "The Two Halves of Sports-Diplomacy", Diplomacy & Statecraft 23 (3), p576–592.##28. Murray,S. (2013). "Sports diplomacy in the Australian context: A case study of the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade",Sports Law eJournal,, : ISSN 1836-1129. http://epublications.bond.edu.au/slej/18.##29. Pigman,A.(2014)."International Sport and Diplomacy's PublicDimension: Governments, Sporting Federations and the Global Audience", Diplomacy & Statecraft,25(1),pp 94-114.##30. Qavam, S, A. (1388). "Principles of Foreign Policy and International Policy". Tehran: Samt, p. 153.(In Persian)##31. Rooney, P. (2012) ". Sport for Development and Peace: the case of NorthernIreland", Master of Arts – Environment, Society and Development, p 1-69. http://www.football4peace.eu/Downloads/Publications.##32. Şahin MY, Yenel F, Colakoğlu T.( 2010)."Sport and nationalism interaction: sports’ place and importance creating national identity". International Journal ofHuman Sciences, 7(12), p44-63.##33. Sajadpour, S. M. K,. Vahidi, M. (2011). "Modern Public Diplomacy: Conceptual and Operative Frameworks", Journal of Policy, 41 (4), pp. 77-95.(In Persian)##34. Strauss, A.L., Corbin, J.M. (2006). "Principles of Qualitative Research Method: Basic Theory, Procedures and Practices", translated by Rahmatollah Rahmatpour, Tehran: Research Institute for Human Sciences and Cultural Studies, p. 85.( In Persian)##35. Sugden, J., Bairner, A. (1993). “Sport, Sectarianism and Society in a Divided Ireland”,Leicester University Press, ,pp1-160.##36. Yamamoto,M.Y. (2012). "Development of the sporting nation: sport as a strategic area of national policy in Japan", International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics, 4(2),p277-296.##37. Yazdan Fam, Mahmoud (2014). "Public Diplomacy of the Islamic Republic of Iran". Tehran, Institute for Strategic Studies, p. 41.(In Persian)##38. Zarif, Mohammad Javad,. Sajadpour, Seyed Mohammad Kazem (2012). "Multilateral Diplomacy, Conceptual and Functional Dynamics of Regional and International Organizations", Tehran, Department of Foreign Affairs, Faculty of International Relations, p. 10.(In Persian)##

0 تجربه، نیاز و نگرش مربیان فوتبال نسبت به رایانه Experience, need, and attitude of soccer coaches toward computer https://jsm.ut.ac.ir/article_72876.html 10.22059/jsm.2019.205030.1619 0 هدف از پژوهش حاضر، سنجیدن میزان کاربری، احساس نیاز و نگرش نسبت به رایانه در بین مربیان فوتبال بود. جامعه آماری مربیان فوتبال شهر اصفهان بودند که نمونه گیری به صورت در دسترس هدفمند و از میان مربیان فوتبال با سواد در حد دیپلم و بالاتر شهر اصفهان صورت گرفت. با توجه به اهداف پژوهش، از ابزار پرسشنامه جهت گردآوری داده ها استفاده شد که تلفیقی از دو پرسشنامه استاندارد FAIT و TAC بود و برای 150 نفر از مربیان فوتبال ارسال و در نهایت تعداد 109 پرسشنامه تکمیل و بازگشت داده شد. اعتبار پرسشنامه با تکنیک تعیین همسانی درونی ( آلفای کرونباخ ) در بخش های نگرش، دسترسی، کاربری، نیاز به ترتیب برابر 0/94، 0/64، 0/72، و 0/78 بدست آمد. تحلیل توصیفی جهت توصیف وضعیت فعلی نیازهای مربیان و تحلیل استنباطی جهت تعیین میزان نگرش، دسترسی، کاربری و نیاز مربیان توسط آزمون t تک نمونه به کار رفت. نتایج با توجه به نمره میانگین هر بخش سنجیده شده است. تحلیل اطلاعات پرسشنامه نشان داد که در مجموع احساس مربیان نسبت به کامپیوتر مثبت، میزان دسترسی به کامپیوتر بیشتر ازحد متوسط، میزان کاربری کامپیوتر بسیار کم (ماهی یک بار) و احساس نیاز به کامپیوتر نسبتاً زیاد بود (p≤ 0.05). 1 Purpose of this Study was to assess the experiences, needs, and attitudes of soccer coaches towards computer. Sampling was targeted available and soccer coaches of Isfahan with High School grad and higher. According to the research objectives, two standard questionnaires, FAIT, TAC were used to data collection and questionnaires sent for 150 coach of soccer that 109 acceptable questionnaires were returned. The reliability of the questionnaire was determined using internal consistency technique (Cronbach’s Alpha). It was 0.94 ,0.64 ,0.72 and 0.78 respectively for feelings, availability, use, and needs. Descriptive analysis was used to describe the current status of coaches and statistical analysis was used to determine attitudes, access, users, and the need of coaches by one-sample t-test. The results were measured by mean in each section. Statistical analysis of data gathered by questionnaire revealed that, in general, coaches' feelings toward computer were positive, availability and perceived needs were high, but computer use was low (p≤ 0.05). REPEAT: The results were measured by mean in each section. Statistical analysis of data gathered by questionnaire revealed that, in general, coaches' feelings toward computer were positive, availability and perceived needs were high, but computer use was low (p≤ 0.05). The results were measured by mean in each section. Statistical analysis of data gathered by questionnaire revealed that, in general, coaches' feelings toward computer were positive, availability and perceived needs were high, but computer use was low (p≤ 0.05). 77 87 فهیمه حاجی غیاثیان fahimeh hajighiasian دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران ایران f.ghiasian_2007@yahoo.com آرمین فعال Armin Faal دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه بابلسر، مازندران، ایران ایران faal.armin@yahoo.com وحید ذوالاکتاف vahid zolaktaf دانشیار، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران ایران v_zolaktaf@yahoo.com رایانه کاربرد رایانه مربیان فوتبال نگرش نیازسنجی 1. Lees A. “Computers in sport”. Applied Ergonomics. 1985;16(1): 3-10.##2. Fraser B, Danielson RR. “Computers: The number one coaching tool of the 80's. Coaching Science Update”. Coaching Association of Canada, Oct 5, 2010; Pp: 35-38.##3. Chang C, Wu YP, Lin HW. “An Animation Assisted Training System for the Baseball Cover, Relay and Cutoff Play”. International Journal of Computer Science in Sport. 2012; 11(2): 41-50.##4. Baca A. “Computer science in sport, Research and Practice (Routledge Research in Sport and Exercise Science)”. London and New York, PDF e-book. 2014; P: 75.##5. Leser R, Uhlig J, Uhlig M. “Development of an application for learning and teaching soccer tactics”. International Journal of Computer Science in Sport. 2009; 8(2): 19-31.##6. Liebermann DG, Katz L, Sorrentino RM. “Experienced coaches’ attitudes towards science and technology”. International Journal of computer science in sport. 2006; 4(1): 21-28.##7. Perl J, Memmert D. "Net-based game analysis by means of the software tool SOCCER”. International Journal of Computer Science in Sport. 2011; 10(2): 77-84.##8. Davis FD. “Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology”. MIS quarterly. 1989; 13 (3): 319-340.##9. Delpy L, Bosetti HA. “Sport management and marketing via the World Wide Web”. Sport marketing quarterly. 1998; 7(1): 21-28.##10. Mohammadi S, Izadi B, Salehi N. “The Attitude of Iranian National Team Coaches Toward Applying Science and Information Technology to Sport”. Sport Management Journal. 2011; 15(8): 123-142. (In Persian).##11. O’Brien G J, Wilde WD. “Australian mangers’ perceptions, attitudes and use of information technology”. Information and software technology. 1996; 38(12): 783-789.##12. Kocak S. “Computer attitude and competencies in physical education and sport”. Journal of the international council for health, physical education, recreation, sport and dance (Reston, Va.). 2003; 39(1): 49-52.##13. Hagiwara H, Wolfson S. “Attitudes towards soccer coaches’ use of punishment in Japan and England: A cross-cultural study”. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 2013; 11(1): 57-69.##14. Pantano KJ. “Knowledge, Attitude, and Skill of High School Coaches with Regard to the Female Athlete Triad”. Journal of pediatric and adolescent gynecology. 2016; 29 (5): 401-514.##15. Delrue J, Vansteenkiste M, Mouratidis A, Gevaert K, Broek G. V, Haerens L. “A game-to-game investigation of the relation between need-supportive and need-thwarting coaching and moral behavior in soccer”. Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 2017; 31(1): 1–10.##16. Petherbridge DT. “A concerns-based approach to the adoption of web-based learning management systems”. 2007; Pp. 298-305.##17. Tinnerman LS. “University Faculty Expressions of Computer Self-Efficacy and Personal Attitudes Regarding the Viability of Distance Learning (Doctoral dissertation, Indiana University of Pennsylvania)”; 2007; p: 202.##18. Dabnichki P, Queen M, Baca A. “Computers in Sport”. Boston: WIT Press. 2008; p: 115.##19. Dabnichki P. “The future synergy of computer modelling and smart technologies in sport”. In Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings. 2006: p: 819.##

0 نقش هویت تیم ورزشی و سازمانی بر موفقیت برنامه های بازاریابی سببی ورزشی(مورد مطالعه: شرکت میزو) A role of team and organizational identification in the success of cause-related sport marketing(case study: meizo company) https://jsm.ut.ac.ir/article_72879.html 10.22059/jsm.2019.231530.1827 0 ورزش به دلیل عمومیت داشتن، عرصه مناسبی برای ایجاد ارتباط با فعالیت های اجتماعی شرکت های تجاری از طریق بازاریابی سببی است. هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی نقش هویت تیم و سازمان در موفقیت برنامه های بازاریابی سببی است. روش تحقیق از نوع توصیفی- همبستگی و از دیدِ هدف تحقیق، کاربردی - توسعه ای بوده که براساس معادلات ساختاری و به شکل میدانی انجام گرفته است. جامعه آماری پژوهش حاضر مشتریان شرکت میزو بوده؛ که براساس روش نمونه گیریِ تصادفیِ طبقه ای، 393 پرسشنامه بصورت حضوری و اینترنتی میان آن ها توزیع شده است. پایایی از طریق آلفای کرونباخ و پایایی ترکیبی (CR)، روایی همگرا از طریق شاخص(AVE) و روایی واگرا از ماتریس فورنل و لارکر بدست آمد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها نیز با استفاده از دو نرم افزار SPSS24 و WarpPLS انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که تمام فرضیه های پژوهش تایید می شود ؛ هویت تیمی و هویت سازمانی بر نگرش مصرف کننده، و نگرش مصرف کننده بر متغیر قصد خرید تاثیر مثبت و معنادار دارد. بر مبنای نتایج توصیه می شود که شرکت "میزو" متناسب با نشان تجاری خود، اولویت همکاری را در اجرای برنامه های بازاریابی سببی با تیم های ورزشی بزرگ و پرسابقه قرار بدهد. 1 In order that the universality of sport, it is an appropriate field for the Communicate with Social activities of the commercial companies through the cause-related marketing. The purpose of this research is investigating on the role of team and Organization Identity in cause-related sport marketing success. The research method is a descriptive- analytical and in terms of the research target, it is functional-developmental which has been implemented based on the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and the field operations. The statistical population of the research consists of the customers of the "Meizu" Company; Based on stratified random sampling, 393 questionnaires were collected in two ways:it is in person and online methods. For collecting primary data, a questionnaire was used; which was made by the researcher. Its reliability by Cronbach's alpha and Composite Reliability, the validity was made through Average Variance Extracted and Divergent validity was obtained Through the Fornell and Larker matrix. The data analysis was done with the SPSS24 and the warppls. The result showed that team identification and organizational identification have a positive effect on the consumer attitude and consumer attitude has a positive effect on purchase intention. According to the findings, it is recommended that the that the Meizu company, Fits with its brand, Place Priority cooperation in cause marketing programs implementation with the Large and veteran sports teams. 89 106 محمدرضا اسدپور Mohammadreza Asadpour کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت بازرگانی، کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکدۀ مدیریت و حسابداری، پردیس فارابی دانشگاه تهران، قم، ایران ایران shahrokh442@gmail.com روح الله نیکخواه کیارمش Rohollah Nikkhah Keyarmash کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت منابع انسانی، کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکدۀ مدیریت و حسابداری، پردیس فارابی دانشگاه تهران، قم، ایران ایران r.nikkhah@chmail.ir محمد خبیری Mohammad Khabiri دانشیار، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران ایران mekhabir@yahoo.com بازاریابی سببی ورزشی شرکت میزو نگرش مصرف کننده هویت تیم ورزشی هویت سازمانی 1. Kwon HH, Trail G, James JD. The mediating role of perceived value: Team identification and purchase intention of team-licensed apparel. Journal of Sport Management. 2007 Oct;21(4):540-54.##2. Robinson SR, Irmak C, Jayachandran S. Choice of cause in cause-related marketing. Journal of marketing. 2012 Jul;76(4):126-39.##3. Aquino K, McFerran B, Laven M. Moral identity and the experience of moral elevation in response to acts of uncommon goodness. Journal of personality and social psychology. 2011 Apr;100(4):703..##4. Gupta S, Pirsch J. The company-cause-customer fit decision in cause-related marketing. Journal of consumer marketing. 2006 Oct 1;23(6):314-26.##5. Kim N, Sung Y, Lee M. Consumer evaluations of social alliances: The effects of perceived fit between companies and non-profit organizations. Journal of business ethics. 2012 Aug 1;109(2):163-74.##6. Melero I, Montaner T. Cause-related marketing: An experimental study about how the product type and the perceived fit may influence the consumer response. European journal of management and business economics. 2016 Nov 1;25(3):161-7.##7. He H, Zhu W, Gouran D, Kolo O. Moral identity centrality and cause-related marketing: The moderating effects of brand social responsibility image and emotional brand attachment. European Journal of Marketing. 2016 Feb 8;50(1/2):236-59.##8. Lee, J., & Ferreira, M. (2013). “A role of team and organizational identification in the success of cause-related sport marketing”. Sport Management Review, 16(2), 161-172.##9. de Jong MD, van der Meer M. How does it fit? Exploring the congruence between organizations and their corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities. Journal of business ethics. 2017 Jun 1;143(1):71-83.##10. Keller KL. Conceptualizing, measuring, and managing customer-based brand equity. Journal of marketing. 1993 Jan;57(1):1-22.##11. Fleck N, Korchia M, Le Roy I. Celebrities in advertising: looking for congruence or likability?. Psychology & Marketing. 2012 Sep;29(9):651-62.##12. Chen Z, Huang Y. Cause-related marketing is not always less favorable than corporate philanthropy: The moderating role of self-construal. International Journal of Research in Marketing. 2016 Dec 1;33(4):868-80.##13 Grau SL, Folse JA. Cause-related marketing (CRM): The influence of donation proximity and message-framing cues on the less-involved consumer. Journal of Advertising. 2007 Dec 1;36(4):19-33.##14. Krishna A, Rajan U. Cause marketing: spillover effects of cause-related products in a product portfolio. Management Science. 2009 Sep;55(9):1469-85.##15. Mazodier M, Merunka D. Achieving brand loyalty through sponsorship: the role of fit and self-congruity. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science. 2012 Nov 1;40(6):807-20.##16. Moosmayer DC, Fuljahn A. Consumer perceptions of cause related marketing campaigns. Journal of Consumer Marketing. 2010 Sep 14;27(6):543-9.##17. Lee J, Ferreira M. A role of team and organizational identification in the success of cause-related sport marketing. Sport Management Review. 2013 May 1;16(2):161-72.##18. Müller SS, Fries AJ, Gedenk K. How much to give?—The effect of donation size on tactical and strategic success in cause-related marketing. International Journal of Research in Marketing. 2014 Jun 1;31(2):178-91.##19. Ponte S, Richey LA. Buying into development? Brand Aid forms of cause-related marketing. Third World Quarterly. 2014 Jan 2;35(1):65-87.##20. Grolleau G, Ibanez L, Lavoie N. Cause-related marketing of products with a negative externality. Journal of Business Research. 2016 Oct 1;69(10):4321-30.##21. Ballouli K, Heere B. Sonic branding in sport: A model for communicating brand identity through musical fit. Sport Management Review. 2015 Aug 1;18(3):321-30.##22. Alcañiz EB, Cáceres RC, Pérez RC. Alliances between brands and social causes: The influence of company credibility on social responsibility image. Journal of business ethics. 2010 Oct 1;96(2):169-86. Andrews M,##23. Hou J, Du L, Li J. Cause's attributes influencing consumer's purchasing intention: Empirical evidence from China. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics. 2008 Oct 3;20(4):363-80.##24. Wann DL, Melnick MJ, Russell GW, Pease DG. Sport fans: The psychology and social impact of spectators. Routledge; 2001.##25. Bhattacharya CB, Rao H, Glynn MA. Understanding the bond of identification: An investigation of its correlates among art museum members. Journal of marketing. 1995 Oct;59(4):46-57.##26. Davari A, Rezazadeh A, Structural Equation Modeling with PLS Software. 1d ed. Tehran, Jahad University Press; 2012. (in persian)##27. Kuo A, Rice DH. The impact of perceptual congruence on the effectiveness of cause-related marketing campaigns. Journal of Consumer Psychology. 2015 Jan 1;25(1):78-88.##28. Luo X, Fang Z, Aspara J. Cause marketing effectiveness and the moderating role of price discounts. Journal of Marketing. 2014 Nov;78(6):120-42.##29. Zdravkovic S, Magnusson P, Stanley SM. Dimensions of fit between a brand and a social cause and their influence on attitudes. International Journal of Research in Marketing. 2010 Jun 1;27(2):151-60.##30. Vyravene R, Rabbanee FK. Corporate negative publicity–the role of cause related marketing. Australasian Marketing Journal (AMJ). 2016 Nov 1;24(4):322-30.##

0 بررسی تأثیر عوامل تبلیغات اینترنتی در رفتار مصرف کنندگان ورزشی An Investigation of the Impact of Internet Advertising Factors on Behavior of Sport Consumers https://jsm.ut.ac.ir/article_72863.html 10.22059/jsm.2019.230985.1820 0 هدف از تحقیق حاضر،بررسی تأثیر عوامل تبلیغات اینترنتی در رفتار مصرف کنندگان ورزشی بود.این پژوهش از نوع کاربردی و توصیفی-پیمایشی بود.جامعه آماری،کلیه دانشجویان دانشکده های تربیت بدنی دانشگاه های شهر تهران بودند.حجم نمونه با استفاده از فرمول کوکران 344 نفر به دست آمد.ابزار جمع آوری داده ها پرسشنامه وو و همکاران (2008) بود که روایی صوری و محتوایی آن به تأیید 12 نفر از متخصصان و اساتید مدیریت و بازاریابی ورزشی رسید و پایایی آن نیز با استفاده از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ بین 86/0 تا 91/0 محاسبه گردید.با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS 23 علاوه بر بکارگیری آزمون کلموگروف-اسمیرنف برای نرمال بودن داده ها و آلفای کرونباخ جهت پایایی،از همبستگی پیرسون و استفاده شد و به کمک نرم افزار لیزرل به تعیین و تأیید مدل معادلات ساختاری اقدام شد.نتایج نشان داد که عوامل درگیری با محصول،نگرش به تبلیغات اینترنتی،محتوای تبلیغات و توجه و ارتباط با تبلیغات به ترتیب دارای بیشترین تأثیر در رفتار مصرف کنندگان ورزشی بودند.درگیری با تبلیغات اینترنتی و نقش آن در خرید محصولات در درجه نخست بر اساس نیاز و کاربرد و اهمیت محصول برای افراد است و بعد از آن باایجاد نگرش و تهیه محتوای خوب و چشم گیر می توان فروش محصولات را افزایش داد. 1 The purpose of current study was to Investigation of the impact of internet advertising factors on behavior of sport consumers. This research applied research goals is the descriptive-survey.Population statistical for students of physical education colleges and universities in the city of Tehran. Sample size determined by using Cochran formula and obtained 344 people. Data collection tool was Wu et al (2008) questionnaire that validity approved by 12 professional sport management and marketing professor and As well as confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess construct validity and the reliability by Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated for different parts of between 0/86 to 0/91. By using SPSS 23, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normality addition to utilizing data and Cronbach's alpha for reliability,the Pearson correlation and t-test was used and by using LISREL 8.8 to determine and confirm the structural equation model was used. The results show that the factors product involvement degree, attitudes to Internet advertising, Internet advertising content design and contact and attention respectively have the highest impact on behavior of sport consumer. Internet advertising involvement and role in goods purchase foremost according to necessity, usage, important for people and after that attitude creation and good content can increase sale goods. 107 118 علیرضا ذاکریان Alireza Zakerian کارشناس ارشد مدیریت بازاریابی ورزشی، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران ایران alireza_zakerian@yahoo.com مجید جلالی فراهانی majid jalali farahani دانشیار، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران ایران jalalii@ut.ac.ir همیلا تکلی Homaila Takali دکتری مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران ایران htakali@yahoo.com بازاریابی ورزشی تبلیغات اینترنتی رفتار مصرف کننده محصول ورزشی مصرف کننده ورزشی Roosta, A. Abolfazli, S A, Ghorbani, H. “Investigating the role of distrust moderator in avoiding internet advertising”. Journal of Information Technology Management (In Persian). 2009; 1(2), 51-66.##Zakerian, A, Zakerian, A, R. Hemati, E. “Evaluation & Comparative Study of Web-based Marketing of Primary Football League in Iran, Spain & Germany”. 1st Sport Marketing Conference, Tehran (In Persian). 2015; 238.##Jalali Farahani, M. Zakerian, A, R. Razaghi, M, E. “Evaluation of web marketing (Customer Relationship Management) Iranian football clubs”. 1st Sport Marketing Conference, Tehran. (In Persian). 2015; 246.##Kriemadis, T., Terzoudis, C., & Kartakoullis, N. “Internet marketing in football clubs: A comparison between English and Greek websites”. Soccer & Society. 2010; 11(3), 291-307.##Revenue Internet Advertising Full-Year Report. 2015. Available at: http://www.iab.com/insights/iab-internet-advertising-revenue-report-conducted-by-pricewaterhousecoopers-pwc-2/.  ##Mohammadi, S. Nouraie, T. Sharifian, E. “Presentation of Structural equations model factors affecting Development of Purchasing Sport goods via Internet”. Applied Research of Sport Management. (In Persian), 2016; 4(4), 43-54.##Hwang, J., Yoon, Y. S., & Park, N. H. “Structural effects of cognitive and affective reponses to web advertisements, website and brand attitudes, and purchase intentions: The case of casual-dining restaurants”. International Journal of Hospitality Management. 2011; 30(4), 897-907.##Esmaeilpour, M. Gharihe, M. “Investigating the Effective Factors in Internet Advertising on Customer Shopping Behavior in Mobile Phone Products”. Journal of Market Engineering Development. (In Persian). 2012; 29, 34-44.##Bakshi, G., & Gupta, S. K. “Online advertising and its impact on consumer buying behaviour”. International Journal of Research in Finance and Marketing 2013; 3(1), 21-30.##Ravikumar, V, & Tiwari, K. “A study on the Impact of Online Advertisements on Buying Decision of Customers of Passenger Car Industry”. Global Illuminators. 2015; 1, 128-139.##Cho, C. H. “How advertising works on the WWW: Modified elaboration likelihood model”. Journal of Current Issues & Research in Advertising. 1999; 21(1), 34-50.##Brown, S. P., & Stayman, D. M. “Antecedents and consequences of attitude toward the ad: A meta-analysis”. Journal of consumer research. 1992; 19(1), 34-51.##Yazdani, N. “Evaluating Effectiveness of Internet-Based Advertising in Iranian Carpet Market”. Journal of new marketing research. (In Persian), 2015; 5(1), 43-55.##Bruner, G. C., & Kumar, A. “Web commercials and advertising hierarchy-of-effects”. Journal of Advertising Research. 2000; 40(1-2), 35-42.##Kimelfeld, Y. M., & Watt, J. H. “The pragmatic value of on-line transactional advertising: A predictor of purchase intention”. Journal of Marketing Communications. 2001; 7(3), 137-157.##Rasty, F., Chou, C. J., & Feiz, D. “The impact of internet travel advertising design, tourists' attitude, and internet travel advertising effect on tourists' purchase intention: the moderating role of involvement”. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing. 2013; 30(5), 482-496.##MacKenzie, S. B., & Lutz, R. J. “An empirical examination of the structural antecedents of attitude toward the ad in an advertising pretesting context”. The Journal of Marketing. 1989; 48-65.##Mitchell, A. A., & Olson, J. C. “Are product attribute beliefs characteristics associated with purchasing involvement”. Journal of marketing. 1981; 49(1), 72-82.##Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. “Understanding attitudes and predicting social behaviour”. University of Michigan, Prentice-Hall publisher, 1980.##Zaichkowsky, J. L. “Measuring the involvement construct”. Journal of consumer research. 1985; 12(3), 341-352.##Eksir Monfared, A, S. “Internet Advertising” [MSc]. University of Tehran. (In Persian). 2009; 24-25.##

0 بررسی رابطة بین عوامل درون سازمانی و رفتار سیاسی با تأکید بر نقش میانجی‌گری ادراک از سیاست سازمانی Investigate the relationship between inter-organizational factors and political behavior, with emphasis on the role of mediator perception of organizational politics https://jsm.ut.ac.ir/article_66234.html 10.22059/jsm.2017.224043.1756 0 در فضای رقابتی امروز، داشتن رفتار سیاسی است که کسب وکارها را در رسیدن به مزیت رقابتی سازمان‌ها یاری می‌کند. هدف این تحقیق بررسی رابطة بین عوامل درون سازمانی و رفتار سیاسی با تأکید بر نقش میانجی‌گری ادراک از سیاست سازمانی است. جامعة آماری تحقیق شامل کارکنان وزارت ورزش کشور و فدراسیون‌ها است. 705 پرسشنامه جهت تحلیل مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. کارکنان پرسشنامه‌های ماکیاول‌گرایی کریستی و همکاران (1970)، خودپایشی لناکس و ولف (1984)، کانون کنترل لونسون (1972)، استقلال شغلی، بازخورد، تنوع مهارت هاکمن و اولدهام (1980)، ارتباط با مدیر اسکندورا و همکاران (1986)، تمرکز دی‌وار و همکاران (1980)، رسمیت هاکمن و اولدم (1981)، مشارکت در تصمیم‌گیری ایکن و هیج (1993)، عدالت رویه‌ای نیهاف و مورمن (1993) و ادراک از سیاست سازمانی کاکمار و فریز (1999) را تکمیل نمودند. گردآوری داده‌های کمی پژوهش از طریق توزیع پرسشنامه با روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی در دسترس صورت گرفت. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها و بررسی فرضیه‌ها از نرم افزارهای SPSS ویراست 19 و 5/8LISREL استفاده شد. یافته‌های تحقیق نشان داد بین عوامل درون سازمانی و رفتار سیاسی رابطة مستقیم و معنادار وجود دارد و ادراک از سیاست سازمانی رابطة بین عوامل درون سازمانی و رفتار سیاسی را میانجی‌گری می‌کنند. 1 It is the political behavior in today’s competition space that assists enterprises to achieve competition advantage of organizations. The present research aims at studying the relationship between in-organization factors and political behavior emphasizing the intermediary role of perceiving the policy in Sport Ministry and Federations (of football, volleyball, handball, basketball, weight-lifting, wrestling, taekwondo, veterans and disabled). Population of the study includes all staff (1498 people) of the Sport Ministry and Federations among which 705 people were randomly selected as samples. Quantitative data were collected through questionnaire distribution. The staff filled in the questionnaire including Machiavellianism, self-protection, control focus, job independence, feedback, skill diversity, relationship with manager, concentration, formality, cooperation in decision-making, procedural justice and perceiving the policy. The proposed pattern was evaluated by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and using software SPSS (19th edition) and PLS. Findings of the research showed that the proposed model was fitted well with data. Findings of the research indicate that the relationship between in-organization factors and political behavior is not significant and the policy perception mediates the relationship between in-organization factors and political behavior. Politics is a true to life in the organizations. Those who are not able to observe their political behavior cannot understand the fact that organization is a political system. Thus, the organizations should lead to the politicization and managers should take necessary attempts toward this importance to reach organizational goals. 119 131 رباب مختاری robab mokhtari دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت و برنامه‌ریزی در تربیت بدنی، واحد علوم تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران ایران robab_mokhtari@yahoo.com علی محمد صفانیا ali mohammad safa nia استاد دانشگاه علوم تحقیقات تهران، تهران، ایران ایران a.m.safania@gmail.com حسین پورسلطانی زرندی Hossein Poursoltani Zarandi استادیار بخش روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه پیام نور ، تهران، ایران ایران hpszarandi@gmail.com ادراک از سیاست سازمانی رفتار سیاسی عوامل شخصی عوامل شغلی عوامل سازمانی 1. Fani AA, Sheikhinejad F, Danaeefard H, Hasanzadeh A. Investigating the Moderating Effects of Political skill and Political will on the Relationship between Perceptions of Organizational Politics and Political Behavior (Case study: Water. Management Research in Iran. 2014;18(1):193-221. [In Persian]##2. Aryee S, Chen ZX, Budhwar PS. Exchange fairness and employee performance: An examination of the relationship between organizational politics and procedural justice. Organizational behavior and human decision processes2004; 94(1): 1-14.##3. Vigoda E, Cohen A. Influence tactics and perceptions of organizational politics: A longitudinal study. Journal of Business Research. 2002;55(4):311-24.##4. Miller BK, Byrne ZS, Rutherford MA, Hansen AM. Perceptions of organizational politics: A demonstration of the reliability generalization technique. Journal of Managerial Issues. 2009;21(2):280-300.##5. Vigoda-Gadot E, Vinarski-Peretz H, Ben-Zion E. Politics and image in the organizational landscape: An empirical examination among public sector employees. Journal of Managerial Psychology. 2003;18(8):764-87.##6. Poon JM. Situational antecedents and outcomes of organizational politics perceptions. Journal of managerial psychology. 2003;18(2):138-55.##7. Muhammad AH. Antecedents of organizational politics perceptions in Kuwait business organizations. Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal. 2007;17(4):234-47. [In Persian]##8. Valle M, Perrewe PL. Do politics perceptions relate to political behaviors? Tests of an implicit assumption and expanded model. Human relations. 2000;53(3):359-86.##9. Gotsis G, Kortezi Z. Bounded self-interest: a basis for constructive organizational politics. Management Research Review. 2011;34(4):450-76.##10. Akram H, Malik NI, Nadeem M, Atta M. Work-family enrichment as predictors of work outcomes among teachers. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences (PJCSS). 2014;8(3):733-43. [In Persian].##11. Kacmar KM, Bozeman DP, Carlson DS, Anthony WP. An examination of the perceptions of organizational politics model: Replication and extension. Human relations. 1999;52(3):383-416.##12. Andrews MC, Witt L, Kacmar KM. The interactive effects of organizational politics and exchange ideology on manager ratings of retention. Journal of vocational behavior. 2003;62(2):357-69.##13. Vigoda-Gadot E. Citizens' perceptions of politics and ethics in public administration: A five-year national study of their relationship to satisfaction with services, trust in governance, and voice orientations. Journal of public administration research and theory. 2006;17(2):285-305.##14. Vigoda E. Internal politics in public administration systems: An empirical examination of its relationship with job congruence, organizational citizenship behavior, and in-role performance. Public personnel management. 2000;29(2):185-210.##15. Drory A, Vigoda-Gadot E. Organizational politics and human resource management: A typology and the Israeli experience. Human Resource Management Review. 2010;20(3):194-202.##16. Doldor E. Examining Political Will, Political Skill and their Maturation among Male and Female Managers. 2011.##17. Gbadamosi L, Chinaka NJ, editors. Organizational politics, turnover intention and organizational commitment as predictors of employees’ efficiency and effectiveness in academia. Proceedings of Informing Science & IT Education Conference; 2011.##18. Ferris GR, Blickle G, Schneider PB, Kramer J, Zettler I, Solga J, et al. Political skill construct and criterion-related validation: A two-study investigation. Journal of Managerial Psychology. 2008;23(7) : 744-771##19. Ebrahimi MA. Review of Power, Politics and Political Behavior in Organizations. visi journal academic. 2015;44(1):40-3.##20. Fani AA, Sheikhinejad F, danaeefard H, Hasanzadeh A. Inquiry about the factors affecting the formation of political behavior in organization. Journal of public administration 2014;6(1):151-74. [In Persian]##21. Treadway DC, Hochwarter WA, Kacmar CJ, Ferris GR. Political will, political skill, and political behavior. Journal of Organizational Behavior: The International Journal of Industrial, Occupational and Organizational Psychology and Behavior. 2005;26(3):229-45.##22. Buchanan DA. You stab my back, I'll stab yours: Management experience and perceptions of organization political behaviour. British Journal of Management. 2008;19(1):49-64.##23. Liu Y, Liu J, Wu L. Are you willing and able? Roles of motivation, power, and politics in career growth. Journal of Management. 2010;36(6):1432-60.##

0 طراحی مدل معادلات ساختاری ارتباط هوش سازمانی با عملکرد سازمانی در کارشناسان سازمان ورزش شهرداری تهران: نقش میانجی فرایند استقرار شش سیگما Designing the related structural equation model of organizational intelligence and organizational performance in sport organizational experts of Tehran Municipality: The mediating function of the deployment process of Six Sigma https://jsm.ut.ac.ir/article_72880.html 10.22059/jsm.2017.235794.1868 0 هدف پژوهش حاضر، طراحی مدل معادلات ساختاری ارتباط هوش سازمانی با عملکرد سازمانی با نقش میانجی فرایند استقرار شش سیگما در کارشناسان سازمان ورزش شهرداری تهران بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش، کلیه کارشناسان سازمان ورزش شهرداری تهران بودند (200=N) که بر اساس جدول نمونه‌گیری مورگان 127 نفر به عنوان نمونه پژوهش انتخاب شدند. ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها، پرسشنامه هوش سازمانی آلبرخت (2003)، عملکرد سازمانی چودهری (2001) و پرسشنامه بیک‌زاد (1389) بود که روایی این ابزارها در پژوهش‌های پیشین مورد تأیید و پایایی این ابزارها به ترتیب 88/0، 78/0 و90/0 بدست آمد که نشان‌دهندۀ پایایی مطلوب و قابل قبول ابزارهای اندازه‌گیری داشت. داده‌ها جهت مدل‌یابی به روش معادلات ساختاری با استفاده از نرم افزار آموس تحلیل شدند. نتایج پژوهش تأیید کننده روابط ساختاری مفروض بود؛ بطوریکه هوش سازمانی هم به طور مستقیم (35/0) و هم بطور غیرمستقیم از طریق میانجی شش سیگما (81/0) بر عملکرد سازمانی تأثیر داشت. همچنین متغیر شش سیگما به طور مستقیم بر عملکرد سازمانی تأثیر معنادار و مثبت داشت (55/0). بنابراین نتایج مدل ساختاری بیان کننده آن است که با افزایش هوش سازمانی کارشناسان و بهبود فرایند شش سیگما، عملکرد سازمانی در سازمان ورزش شهرداری تهران توسعه پیدا می‌کند. 1 The purpose of this study was designing the related structural equation model of organizational intelligence and organizational performance with mediating function of the deployment process of Six Sigma in sport organizational experts of Tehran Municipality. The study population was all the sport organizational experts of Tehran Municipality (N = 200), that according to Morgan Sampling Table, 127 individuals were selected as the sample of this study. Data collection tools were Albercht organizational intelligence questionnaire (2003), Choudhury organizational performance questionnaire (2001) and Bikzad questionnaire (1389) that the validity of these tools were confirmed in the previous studies and the reliability of these tools were obtained 0.88, 0.78 and 0.90 respectively that shows good reliability and acceptable measurement tools. Data were analyzed using AMOS software to model structural equation. The results of the study were confirmed based on the structural rela organizational intelligence had significant effect both directly (0.35) and indirectly (0.81) on organizational performance tve and meaningful effect on organizational performance (0.55). So, the results of the structural models present that by increasing the organizational intelligence of the experts and improving the Six Sigma process, organizational performance will develop in sport organization of Tehran Municipality.function of the deployment process of Six Sigma in sport organizational experts of Tehran function of the deployment process of Six Sigma in sport organizational experts of Tehran Municipality. The studyMunicipality. The study 133 154 احمد محمودی ahmad mahmoudi دکتری، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران ایران ahmad.mahmoudi3536@gmail.com بهرام یوسفی bahram yousefi دانشیار، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران ایران ah.mahmoudi@aumni.ut.ac.ir علی خزائی ali Khazaei کارشناس ارشد، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران ایران alikhazaei993@gmail.com ستاره اسکندری Setare Eskandari کارشناس ارشد، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران ایران eskandari.s7091@yahoo.com سازمان ورزش شهرداری تهران هوش سازمانی عملکرد سازمانی شش سیگما Sokro, E. (2012). Analysis of the relationship that exists between organizational culture, motivation and performance. Problems of Management in the 21st Century, 3, 106-119. (1)##Chiang, Y. H., Shih, H. A., & Hsu, C. C. (2014). High commitment work system, transactive memory system, and new product performance. Journal of Business Research, 67(4), 631-640. (2)##Abtahi, S H. Kazemi, B. (2014). Efficiency (Principles, Foundations and Measurement Methods), Second edition, Tehran: Fujian publication. [Persian]. (3)##Akroush, M. N., & Al-Mohammad, S. M. (2010). The effect of marketing knowledge management on organizational performance: An empirical investigation of the telecommunications organizations in Jordan. International journal of emerging markets, 5(1), 38-77. (4)##Nourooz Ghareh Teken, F. Mohammadi, A M. Hassannejad, M. Soltani, S (2011) The Effect of Office Automation Systems on Organizational Productivity Indices (Case Study: Central Organization of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad), Journal of Research and Technology Development, (2)4, 139-154, [Persian]. (5)##Ayeni, F. O. (2003). An empirical study of the impact of Six Sigma methodology on organization financial performance in the United States. https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=8850583. (6)##Fartookzadeh, H R. Mokhtarian Pour, M (2008) Enriching the Six Sigma Solving Problem Solving Methodology through Key Values of Valuable Engineers (Case Study: Iran Khodro Co.), Management perspective, (29), 221-252, [Persian]. (7)##Albrecht, K. (2003). The power of minds at work: Organizational intelligence in action. AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn.1-96. (8)##Albrecht, K (2013). The power of mind at work: organizational intelligence in action, New York: Amancom. (10)##Ercetin, S. (2004). The abilities related to organizational intelligence and their action dimensions at school. Educational research Quarterly, 10(2), 3-18. (11)##Beheshtifar, M., & Abrahimi, H. (2014). A Study of Relationship between Employees' maturity and Business Intelligence. Asian Journal of Research in Business Economics and Management, 4(1), 280. (12)##Elahian, A. Zavari, M E. (2009). organizational intelligence: Business Intelligence origin, Magazine Tadbir, (208), 49-52, [Persian]. (13)##Abzari, M. Etebarian, A. Stari Ghahfarokhi, M. (2006). Organizational intelligence and preventing organizational subjective sentiment, Organizational Knowledge Management Monthly, (22), p 25 [Persian]. (14)##Law, K.S., Wong, S.C. & Song, L.J. (2004). The construct and criterion validity of emotional intelligence and its potential utility for management studies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89: 483-496. (15)##Marjani, A. B., & Soheilipour, M. (2012). The Relationship between Organizational Intelligence and Staff Performance Based on the Model of Karl Albrecht. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 3(4). (16)##Bose, R. (2009). Advanced analytics: opportunities and challenges. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 109(2), 155-172. (17)##Salehi Sadaghiani, J. (2007) Improvement of time efficiency in services process by Using Design of Experiments technique in Six-sigma methodology, Studies Industrial Management, (6)15, 167-184, [Persian]. (18)##Laureani, A., Brady, M., & Antony, J. (2013). Applications of Lean Six sigma in an Irish hospital. Leadership in Health Services, 26(4), 322-337. (19)##Ho, L., & Chuang, C. (2006). A study of implementing Six Sigma quality management system in government agencies for raising service quality. Journal of American Academy of Business, 10(1), 167-173. (20)##Harry, M., Mann, P. S., De Hodgins, O. C., Hulbert, R. L., & Lacke, C. J. (2010). The practitioner's guide to statistics and lean Six Sigma for process improvements. John Wiley & Sons. ()##Pand, P, Hull, L (2005) What is Six Sigma? Translate; Nooralsna’, r. Salehipour, a. Saghaei, a. Tehran, Iran University of Science and Technology publication, [Persian].##Braunscheidel, M. J., Hamister, J. W., Suresh, N. C., & Star, H. (2011). An institutional theory perspective on Six Sigma adoption. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 31(4), 423-451.##Zu, X., Fredendall, L. D., & Douglas, T. J. (2008). The evolving theory of quality management: the role of Six Sigma. Journal of operations Management, 26(5), 630-650.##Schroeder, R. G., Linderman, K., Liedtke, C., &Choo, A. S. (2008). Six Sigma: Definition and underlying theory. Journal of operations Management, 26(4), 536-554.##Linderman, K., Schroeder, R. G., Zaheer, S., & Choo, A. S. (2003). Six Sigma: a goal-theoretic perspective. Journal of Operations management, 21(2), 193-203.##Zakardy, S H. Bagheri, S. Attarian, J (2010) Statistical analysis of the relationship between key factors of success of Six Sigma projects in selected Iranian companies, Industrial Engineering Engineering Journal, (44) 1, 49-62, [Persian].##Bykzad, J. Najafi Sales, E (2011). The Impact of Transformational Leadership on the Six Sigma Establishment: Case Study in Maragheh Azad University, Journal of Management, (21), p41, [Persian].##Bykzad, J. Alaei, M B. Eskandari, K (2010) The Relationship between Organizational Intelligence of Managers and Their Performance in Government Organizations of East Azarbaijan Province, Management ResearchJournal, 3(8), 143-163, [Persian].##Gholami, Sh. Ghafourian, H. Manvipuor, D (2011) The Relationship between Organizational Intelligence and Organizational Performance, Newest Industrial / Organizational Psychology Quarterly, (2)6, 89-99, [Persian].##Bagheri, S. Zakardy, S H. (2008) Investigate the relationship between key success factors of Six Sigma projects and organizational performance, Tehran, Iranian Society of Industrial Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, [Persian].##Shams Mourkani, Gh. Mashayekhi, M. Soleymani, S. (2014) The Role of Organizational Intelligence in Improvement of Organizational Performance: A Case Study of High School Principals in Tehran City, Educational Psychology Journal, (31)10, 165-189, [Persian].##Khoshamooz, H. Goodarzvand Chegini, M (2013) The Relationship between Dimensions of Organizational Intelligence and Performance of Employees of Guilan Province Medical Sciences and Health Services, The 2nd National Conference on Developing Solutions for Managing, Accounting, and Industrial Engineering in Organizations, Islamic Azad University of Gachsaran Branch [Persian].##Lefter, V., Prejmerean, M., &Vasilache, S. (2008). The dimensions of organizational intelligence in Romanian companies–a human capital perspective. Theoretical and Applied Economics, 10(10), 39.##Zarei, A. Farsi Zadeh, H. Siah Sorani Kojouri, M A. Dehghani Soltani, M (2015) The impact of organizational intelligence on organizational performance using marketing capacities, JOURNAL OF EXECUTIVE MANAGEMENT, (13) 7, 39-64, [Persian].##Nasabi, N (2008) The Relationship between Organizational Intelligence and Personnel Creativity in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Master's Thesis, Payam Noor University of Shiraz, [Persian].##Simic, I. (2005). Organizational learning as a component of organizational intelligence. Management, Information and Marketing Aspects of the Economic Development of the Balkan Countries, 189-196.##MacGilchrist, B., Reed, J., & Myers, K. (2004). The intelligent school. London: Paul Chapman publishing. Journal of Applied psychology, 86(2), 326-336.##Sin, A. B., Zailani, S., & Ramayah, T. (2010). Six Sigma and organizational performance: a knowledge creation perspective. International Journal of Productivity and Quality Management, 6(2), 182-212.##Sin, A. B., Zailani, S., Iranmanesh, M., & Ramayah, T. (2015). Structural equation modelling on knowledge creation in Six Sigma DMAIC project and its impact on organizational performance. International Journal of Production Economics, 168, 105-117.##Ailpour, A. Hajeb, H R (2015) A Comparative Study of Total Quality Management and Six Sigma and its Relationship with Organizational Performance, International Conference on Management and Accounting with a Value-creating Approach, Islamic Azad University of Fars Science and Research, [Persian].##Raisinghani, M. S., Ette, H., Pierce, R., Cannon, G., & Daripaly, P. (2005). Six Sigma: concepts, tools, and applications. Industrial management & Data systems, 105(4), 491-505.##Chen, H. C., Chen, K. S., Chang, T. L., & Hsu, C. H. (2010). An application of six sigma methodology to enhance leisure service quality. Quality & quantity, 44(6), 1151-1164.##Parast, Mahour M, (2010) The impact of Six Sigma projects on innovation and company performance, Translate; Saeedi, h. Mir Hosseini, s s, Commercial Reviews Journal, (60), 1-13, [Persian].##Kazemnejad, A. Heidary, M R. Noroozzadeh, R (2011) Statistical methods in health care and SPSS application in data analysis, Tehran, Community publications, [Persian].##Williams, B., Onsman, A., & Brown, T. (2010). Exploratory factor analysis: A five-step guide for novices. Australasian Journal of Paramedicine, 8(3).##Ali Poor Shir Savar, H. Marzban Moghaddam,      E (2013) The Relationship between Organizational Intelligence and Entrepreneurship      in Guilan Province Manufacturing Companies, roshd –e- fanavari Journal,      (9)36, 47-51, [Persian]. (9)##Ali Nejad, A. Mohammad Puor, P. Esfandiari,      N (2009) Evaluate and improve production processes using the Six Sigma      methodology, Journal of Development Management Development, (1)2, 75-84,      [Persian].##Lee, K.L. (2002). Critical success factors of Six Sigma implementation and the impact on operations performance. PhD Dissertation. Cleveland State University.##

0 تحلیل اهمیت ـ عملکرد ویژگی‌های مسیرهای دوچرخه موثر بر تصمیم دوچرخه سواری با کاربرد مدل IPA The importance – performance analysis of characteristics of bike paths effect on cycling decision with IPA model application https://jsm.ut.ac.ir/article_72878.html 10.22059/jsm.2017.225024.1762 0 هدف تحقیق حاضر تحلیل اهمیت ـ عملکرد ویژگی های مسیرهای دوچرخه موثر بر تصمیم دوچرخه سواری با کاربرد مدل IPA بود. روش تحقیق توصیفی از نوع تحلیلی بود. جامعه آماری تحقیق حاضر را کلیه کاربران سیستم اشتراک دوچرخه شهر اصفهان تشکیل داده بودند که به روش نمونه گیری در دسترس 384 نفر به عنوان نمونه تحقیق انتخاب شدند. ویژگی های مسیر دوچرخه با بررسی دقیق ادبیات و پیشینه تحقیق شناسایی و جهت طراحی پرسشنامه تحقیق استفاده شدند. روایی پرسشنامه توسط نظر 10 نفر از متخصصین و صاحبنظران بررسی و پایایی آن از طریق ضریب آلفای کرونباخ بررسی که ضریب آلفا برای پرسشنامه مذکور در بعد اهمیت (93/0) و در بعد عملکرد (94/0) محاسبه شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها توسط روش های آمار توصیفی و آمار استنباطی انجام گرفت. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد تمام 34 ویژگی مسیرهای دوچرخه در ناحیه "تمرکز بر آن" قرار گرفتند که این ویژگی ها نیازمند اقدام اصلاحی فوری بوده و از این لحاظ در اولویت بالایی قرار دارند. 1 Abstract: The purpose of the present research was the importance-performance analysis of characteristics of bike paths effect on cycling decision with IPA model application. The research method was descriptive in the type of analytical. The statistical population of this study was all user of the bike sharing system of Isfahan city that 384 people were selected by available sampling as research sample. The bike path’s characteristics with an exact review of research literature were recognized and used for research questionnaire design. The validity of the questionnaire was investigated by 10 professors and experts and its reliability by Cronbach's alpha coefficient investigated that alpha coefficient in importance dimension 0.93 and in performance dimension 0.94 was calculated. The data analysis was done with descriptive and inferential statistics method. The research results showed all 34 bike path’s characteristics affecting the decision to cycling on concentrate here area “where the factors that give low satisfaction score from users, but they are important in their opinion” was maintained. Such characteristics require immediate corrective action and in this respect is a high priority. So, it is necessary urban authorities have a special focus on eliminating these deficiencies on existing bicycle paths and considering them to design future paths for expanding bikes riding in the daily lives of citizens and replacing them with motor vehicles. Bike Paths 155 173 احمدعلی آصفی Ahmad Ali Asefi استادیار دانشکدۀ علوم ورزشی دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران ایران asefi@ut.ac.ir جواد عفیفه javad Afifeh دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت ورزشی دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران ایران javad.afifeh1989@gmail.com حمید طغرایی Hamid Toghraei دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت ورزشی دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران ایران h.toghraee@gmail.com تحلیل اهمیت ـ عملکرد سیستم اشتراک دوچرخه دوچرخه مسیر دوچرخه مدل IPA 1. Rietveld P, Daniel VJTRPAP, Practice. Determinants of bicycle use: do municipal policies matter? 2004;38(7):531-50.##2. Soltani A, and Shariati, S. . "Investigating incentives and inhibitors of bicycle use in urban transport (Isfahan case study)". . Scientific-Research Journal of Iranian Architecture and Urban Development Association 2013:;(5),: 63-73. (In Persian)##3. Hassanzadeh G. "Assessing and assessing the physical capacities and social and cultural context of bicycle use in the city as a means of transportation." [ Master's Thesis, ]. Isfahan Isfahan University. ; 2008. (In Persian)##4. Sener IN, Eluru N, Bhat CRJT. An analysis of bicycle route choice preferences in Texas, US. 2009;36(5):511-39.##5. Naderan A, and Chopani, A. "Urban Transport Management, Urban and Rural Management. Municipal Organization of the Country2011. (In Persian)##6. Saghaei M, and Sadeghi, Z. "Presentation of a Mid-Term Cycling Model for Sustainable Development Case Study: The Central Range of Isfahan". . Journal of Urban Planning and Research 2013: ;4 ((12), ):96-116. (In Persian)##7. Heinen E, Van Wee B, Maat KJTr. Commuting by bicycle: an overview of the literature. 2010;30(1):59-96.##8. Moudon AV, Lee C, Cheadle AD, Collier CW, Johnson D, Schmid TL, et al. Cycling and the built environment, a US perspective. 2005;10(3):245-61.##9. Mohammad Hadi F, Fathi Vajargah, K., Pardakhtchi, M., and Abolghasemi, M. . "Students Satisfaction Analysis of In-Service Training Courses Based on IPA Model". . Management and Planning Dates in Educational Systems. 2011:;4((6), ):32-53. (In Persian)##10. Petritsch TA, Landis BW, Huang HF, Challa SJTrr. Sidepath safety model: bicycle sidepath design factors affecting crash rates. 2006;1982(1):194-201.##11. Krizek KJ, El-Geneidy A, Thompson KJT. A detailed analysis of how an urban trail system affects cyclists’ travel. 2007;34(5):611-24.##12. Kang L, Fricker JDJT. Bicyclist commuters’ choice of on-street versus off-street route segments. 2013;40(5):887-902.##13. Sacks D. Greenways as alternative transportation routes: a case study of selected greenways in the Baltimore, Washington area: M. Sc. Thesis, Towson State University, Towson, MD; 1994.##14. Noland RB, Kunreuther HJTP. Short-run and long-run policies for increasing bicycle transportation for daily commuter trips. 1995;2(1):67-79.##15. Guttenplan M, Patten RJTN. Off-road but on track: using bicycle and pedestrian trails for transportation. 1995(178).##16. Shafizadeh K, Niemeier DJTRR. Bicycle journey-to-work: travel behavior characteristics and spatial attributes. 1997;1578(1):84-90. (In Persian)##17. Landis BW, Vattikuti VR, Brannick MTJTRR. Real-time human perceptions: toward a bicycle level of service. 1997;1578(1):119-26.##18. Aultman-Hall L, Hall FL, Baetz BBJTrr. Analysis of bicycle commuter routes using geographic information systems: implications for bicycle planning. 1997;1578(1):102-10.##19. Nankervis MJTRPAP, Practice. The effect of weather and climate on bicycle commuting. 1999;33(6):417-31.##20. Hyodo T, Suzuki N, Takahashi KJTRR. Modeling of bicycle route and destination choice behavior for bicycle road network plan. 2000;1705(1):70-6.##21. Fajans J, Curry M. Why bicyclists hate stop signs. 2001.##22. Cervero R, Duncan MJAjoph. Walking, bicycling, and urban landscapes: evidence from the San Francisco Bay Area. 2003;93(9):1478-83.##23. Stinson M, Bhat C. An Analysis of Commuter Bicyclist Route Choice Using Stated Preference Survey (Washington, DC: Transportation Research Board). 2003.##24. Dill J, Carr TJTRR. Bicycle commuting and facilities in major US cities: if you build them, commuters will use them. 2003;1828(1):116-23.##25. Boslaugh SE, Luke DA, Brownson RC, Naleid KS, Kreuter MWJJoUH. Perceptions of neighborhood environment for physical activity: Is it “who you are” or “where you live?”. 2004;81(4):671-81.##26. Stinson MA, Bhat CR, editors. A comparison of the route preferences of experienced and inexperienced bicycle commuters. TRB 84th annual meeting compendium of papers; 2005.##27. Hunt JD, Abraham JEJT. Influences on bicycle use. 2007;34(4):453-70.##28. Shankwiler KD. Developing a Framework for Behavior Assessment of Bicycle Commuters: A Cyclist-Centric Appriach: Georgia Institute of Technology; 2006.##29. El-Geneidy AM, Krizek KJ, Iacono M, editors. Predicting bicycle travel speeds along different facilities using GPS data: A proof of concept model. Proceedings of the 86th annual meeting of the transportation research board, compendium of papers; 2007: TRB Washington, DC, USA.##30. Tilahun NY, Levinson DM, Krizek KJJTRPAP, Practice. Trails, lanes, or traffic: Valuing bicycle facilities with an adaptive stated preference survey. 2007;41(4):287-301.##31. Garrard J, Rose G, Lo SKJPm. Promoting transportation cycling for women: the role of bicycle infrastructure. 2008;46(1):55-9.##32. Parkin J, Wardman M, Page MJT. Estimation of the determinants of bicycle mode share for the journey to work using census data. 2008;35(1):93-109.##33. Harvey F, Krizek KJ, Collins R. Using GPS data to assess bicycle commuter route choice. 2008.##34. Sener IN, Eluru N, Bhat CRJTRR. Who are bicyclists? Why and how much are they bicycling? 2009;2134(1):63-72.##35. Dill JJJophp. Bicycling for transportation and health: the role of infrastructure. 2009;30(1):S95-S110.##36. Winters M, Teschke KJAjohp. Route preferences among adults in the near market for bicycling: findings of the cycling in cities study. 2010;25(1):40-7.##37. Larsen J, El-Geneidy AJTrpDt, environment. A travel behavior analysis of urban cycling facilities in Montréal, Canada. 2011;16(2):172-7.##38. Menghini G, Carrasco N, Schüssler N, Axhausen KWJTrpAp, practice. Route choice of cyclists in Zurich. 2010;44(9):754-65.##39. Taghvaee M, and Fathi, E. . "Criteria for locating and designing cycling routes (emphasizing the city of Isfahan)". . Applied Sociology 2011:;22 ( (43),):135-52. (In Persian)##40. Heinen E, Maat K, Van Wee BJTrpDt, environment. The role of attitudes toward characteristics of bicycle commuting on the choice to cycle to work over various distances. 2011;16(2):102-9.##41. Casello JM, Nour A, Rewa K, Hill J, editors. An analysis of stated preference and GPS data for bicycle travel forecasting. Proceedings of the Transportation Research Board 90th Annual Meeting, Washington, DC, USA; 2011.##42. Hood J, Sall E, Charlton BJTl. A GPS-based bicycle route choice model for San Francisco, California. 2011;3(1):63-75.##43. Emond CR, Handy SLJJoTG. Factors associated with bicycling to high school: insights from Davis, CA. 2012;20(1):71-9.##44. Broach J, Dill J, Gliebe JJTRPAP, Practice. Where do cyclists ride? A route choice model developed with revealed preference GPS data. 2012;46(10):1730-40.##45. Rondinella G, Fernandez-Heredia A, Monzón A. Analysis of perceptions of utilitarian cycling by level of user experience. 2012.##46. Emadi M, Ghahremantabrizi, K., and Sharifian, I. . "Exploratory Study on the Factors Influencing the Development of Bicycling in Kerman". . Semi-quarterly of the management and sport development 2013:; (3), :47-60. (In Persian)##47. Snizek B, Nielsen TAS, Skov-Petersen HJJoTG. Mapping bicyclists’ experiences in Copenhagen. 2013;30:227-33.##48. Segadilha ABP, da Penha Sanches SJP-S, Sciences B. Identification of factors that influence cyclistś route choice. 2014;160:372-80.##49. Ghorbani R, and Asadi, A. . "Investigating of Affective Factors on Reduction of Bicycle Use in Urban Travel (Case Study: Zanjan City)". . Journal of Geography and Planning 2015:;19 ((51), ):267-88. (In Persian)##50. Ghafari Guilande A, Hosseini, S.M., and Pasazadeh, A. . "Investigating Affective Factors on Citizen's Unwillingness to Use Bicycle on Urban Travel (Case Study: Ardabil City)". Urban Studies Quarterly 2015: ((15),):81-90. (In Persian)##51. Li M, Pitts, B., and Quarterman, J. "Research Methods in Sport Management". . Tehran: : Tehran University Press. ; 2008: .##52. Eskildsen JK, Kristensen KJIJoP, Management P. Enhancing importance-performance analysis. 2006;55(1):40-60.##53. Mäki-Opas TE, Borodulin K, Valkeinen H, Stenholm S, Kunst AE, Abel T, et al. The contribution of travel-related urban zones, cycling and pedestrian networks and green space to commuting physical activity among adults–a cross-sectional population-based study using geographical information systems. 2016;16(1):760.##54. Hirsch JA, Meyer KA, Peterson M, Zhang L, Rodriguez DA, Gordon-Larsen PJIjobn, et al. Municipal investment in off-road trails and changes in bicycle commuting in Minneapolis, Minnesota over 10 years: a longitudinal repeated cross-sectional study. 2017;14(1):21.##55. Dales J, Jones P, Black R, Hoe N, Mayo A, Parkin J, et al. International cycling infrastructure best practice study. 2014.##56. Ghorishi M. "Evaluation of the efficiency and effectiveness of cycling routes in the 8th district of Tehran". Quarterly Journal of Urban Management Studies. 2015: ;7((22), ):31-44. (In Persian)##57. Asgari torzani A, and Habibian, M. . "Identifying Effective Policies on Bicycle Share System in Tehran city". Transportation Engineering 2016: ;7((3), ):463-80. (In Persian)##58. Dill J, Monsere CM, McNeil NJAA, Prevention. Evaluation of bike boxes at signalized intersections. 2012;44(1):126-34.##59. Askari M, and Rahimi, M. "A survey on social acceptance of bike use at metropolitan level, case study: Tehran metropolis". Applied Sociology. 2017:;28((1-65), ):185-206. (In Persian)##

0 تأثیر آموزش از طریق گیمیفیکیشن بر تفکر استراتژیک مدیران ورزشی کشور The impact of gamification training on strategic thinking of sports managers https://jsm.ut.ac.ir/article_72877.html 10.22059/jsm.2017.222487.1748 0 هدف این مقاله تأثیر آموزش تفکر استراتژیک به مدیران ورزشی کشور از طریق گیمیفیکیشن یا بازی‌وارساری است. روش تحقیق از نوع تحقیقات نیمه تجربی است.جامعه‌ی آماری تحقیق شامل مدیران ورزشی سراسر کشور که در ادارات کل تربیت‌بدنی مشغول فعالیت بودند، می‌باشد. نمونه‌ی تحقیق 45 نفر و به‌صورت هدفمند از بین جامعه‌ی آماری انتخاب شد. در این تحقیق از پرسشنامه‌ی محقق ساخته که در هفت بخش به‌صورت الکترونیکی و کاغذی طراحی‌شده بود، استفاده گردید و روایی آن به تأیید متخصصان رسید و پایایی پرسشنامه 98/0 و بازی کامپیوتری 9/0 به دست آمد.برای ارائه داده‌های توصیفی از شاخص آماری فراوانی، درصد فراوانی و در بخش آمار استنباطی از آزمون شاپیروویلک جهت بررسی توزیع طبیعی داده‌ها استفاده شد. برای بررسی تجانس واریانس از آزمون لون و جهت تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها و مقایسه میانگین گروه‌های آزمودنی از آزمون یونیوریت (تحلیل کوواریانس) استفاده شد. طبق نتایج آزمون یونیوریت آموزش تفکر استراتژیک از طریق گیمیفیکیشن تأثیر معنی‌داری دارد (001/0=, sig629/52F=). با توجه به نتایج به‌دست‌آمده می‌توان گفت با توجه به لزوم دارا بودن مدیران ورزشی کشور به تفکر استراتژیک، نوع شیوه آموزشی در میزان یادگیری وانگیزه آنان تأثیرگذار است، که نشان از اثر بالاتر گیمیفیکیشن در یادگیری تفکر استراتژیک نسبت به روش‌های سنتی است. 1 This paper studies the impact of strategic thinking training on sports managers using gamification .The type of methodology used for this study is the experimental method. The statistical population is consisted of sport manager's ministry of physical education. The sample size was determined 45 and was chosed according from the statistical population . self-made questionnaire consisted of 7 parts in forms of electronic and paper was used and content validity of questionnaire was confirmed by sports management professors and reliability of the questionnaire was determined 0.98 and for the computer game 0.90. Frequency measure and percentage of frequency used to represent descriptive data and Shaper-Wilk test used to investigate the normal distribution of data. Also, Leven test used to analyze data for homogeneity of variance and Univariate test was used to compare mean of different study groups. According to the result of Univariate test, training strategic thinking from gasification has a meaningful impact (F = 52.629, sig = 0.001). Also, results show strategic thinking is needed for sports manager in our country and methodology of training has a key role in learning procedure and their motivation which shows the better impact of gasification on strategic thinking comparison to traditional methods. 175 194 حبیب هنری habib honari دانشیار دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی تهران، تهران، ایران ایران honari_h@yahoo.com فرزاد غفوری farzad ghafory دانشیار دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی تهران، تهران، ایران ایران farzadghafouri@yahoo.com پگاه سرکوهی pegah sarkoohi کارشناس ارشد دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی تهران، تهران، ایران ایران p.sarkoohi@gmail.com آموزش تفکر استراتژیک گیمیفیکیشن مدیران ورزشی یادگیری 1.    Mobini Dehkordi ASK, Majid An Income on Strategic and Operational Planning. Yas, Second Year. 2014;2(6), [In Persian].##2.    Ghaffarian vK, Gholamreza Five Steps for Strategic Thinking. 3 ed. Tehran2008, [In Persian].##3.    Bonn I. Improving strategic thinking: a multilevel approach. Leadership & Organization Development Journal. 2005;26(5):336-54.##4.    Shahamat Nezhad M. easurement of Strategic Thinking at Tehran Municipality Directors. Journal of Business Management. 2012;4(12), [In Persian].##5.    Robertson M. Can'tplay,won'tplaycant-play-wont-play. Hide & Seek. 2010.##6.    Rahman seresht Hk, Parviz An Organizational Model for Strategic Thinking. Management Message Magazine 2008(28):47-77, [In Persian].##7.    Ohmae K. The Mind of the Strategist. McGraw-Hill. 1982.##8.    Mintzberg. H& Ahlstrand. B& Lampel. J. Strategy Safari, A Guided Tour Through the Wilds of Strategic Management##9.    Jeanne L. Strategic Thinking: Can it be Taught? long range planning. Elsevier science ltd. 1998;31(1):120-9.##10.  Moshabaki A, Khazaee, Anahita Designing the Elements of Strategic Thinking in Iranian Organizations. Commercial Management Journal. 2008;1(1):105-18, [In Persian].##11.  Cheong C, Filippou J, Cheong F. Towards the gamification of learning: Investigating student perceptions of game elements. Journal of Information Systems Education. 2014;25(3).##12.  Bonn I, Christodoulou C. From strategic planning to strategic management. Long Range Planning. 1996;29(4):543-51.##13.  Lashkarboloki M. Strategic Thinking Orders and Strategies. Tehran Nas. 2013;4.##14.  Apostol S, Zaharescu L, Alexe I. GAMIFICATION OF LEARNING AND EDUCATIONAL GAMES. Elearning & Software For Education. 2013(2).##15.  Moncada SM, Moncada TP. Gamification of learning in accounting education. Journal of Higher Education Theory and Practice. 2014;14(3):9.##16.  Landers RN, Callan RC. Casual social games as serious games: The psychology of gamification in undergraduate education and employee training. Serious games and edutainment applications: Springer; 2011. p. 399-423.##17.  Mousavi Jf, Bardiafar, Nafiseh A Study of the Strategic Thinking of the Managers of the National Tourism Sport Association Based on the Jane Leydka Model. Contemporary Studies in Sport Management. 2015;5(9):73-81, [In Persian].##18.  Goldman EF, Casey A. Building a culture that encourages strategic thinking. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies. 2010;17(2):119-28.##19.  Aparicio AF, Vela FLG, Sánchez JLG, Montes JLI, editors. Analysis and application of gamification. Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Interacción Persona-Ordenador; 2012: ACM.##20.  Benito-Ostolaza JM, & Sanchis-Llopis, J. A. Training strategic thinking: Experimental evidence. ournal of business research. 2014;67(5):785-9.##21.  Roth S, Schneckenberg, D., & Tsai, C. W. The ludic drive as innovation driver: Introduction to the gamification of innovation. Creativity and Innovation Management. 2015;2(24):300-6.##22.  Urh M, Vukovic, G., & Jereb, E. The model for introduction of gamification into e-learning in higher education. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. 2015;197:388-97.##23.  Magdalinski T. Gamifying the Sports Management Classroom. Abstract report. 2015(295):440.##24.  Alcivar. Isabel AGA. Design and evaluation of a gamified system for ERP training. Computers in Human Behavior. 2016;58:109-18.##25.  Alan E S. Game theory and the evolution of strategic thinking. Human Systems Management. 1997;16(1):63.##26.  Sabrkoosh AF, Habibollah; Nourmohammadi, Hadi Training and Development of Human Resources in the Organization. Management Studies in Law Enforcement Number Four. 2013;6, [In Persian].##27.  Bagheri Majd R, Shahi, Sakineh, Mehr Alizadeh, Yadollah Challenges of E-learning Development in the Higher Education System Case Study of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. 2013;6(12):1-13, [In Persian].##28.  Mashhaddi kordi B. The Strategic-Conceptualization Framework. 2008, [In Persian].##29.  Abdul Karimi M. Knowledge management-technology-creativity and their role in improving efficiency. 2008, [In Persian].##30.  Ali Reza'i A, Tullayi, Ruhollah Solutions to Boost Innovation and Flourishing in an Organization. Human Resources Management in Industry. 2008;3:67-96, [In Persian].##31.  Delavar SG, Mohammad The Role of Virtual Education in Creative Learning of Students in the Viewpoint of Faculty Members of Universities of Bojnourd. Journal of Strategic Management Studies. 2011;9:862-78, [In Persian].##32.  Nabipour Afroozi M, Darvishmotuli, Marjan Reviewing the Strategy for Improving Organizational Human Resources, Using Creativity and Innovation. Management Manuscript. 2013;10(32), [In Persian].##33.  Academy TT. The Importance of Strategic Thinking for Managers. 2011.##34.  Afshe AK, Farhad; shaeedi, Ali Investigating the Application of Information Technology in Education and its Effect on the Productivity of Free University Students. Media Fourth Edition. 2011;25, [In Persian].##35.  Naderi ABMSJSM. The Necessity of Strategic Thinking of Managers in the Development of Ansar Bank. The Developmental Schedule of Monetary and Banking Management. 2014;4(11), [In Persian].##